Wastewater evaluation and their treatment
Internationally in Guatemala (Lavagnino, 2016) evaluates the wastewater treatment plant at the Rafael Landivar University with the purpose of determining the efficiency in the removal of contaminants of the plant, until its final discharge towards the Contreras river, for thisWater samples were taken in each system phase to analyze the following parameters: Chemical Oxygen Demand (DQO), Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), total nitrogen, total phosphorus and total suspended solids. After the study, it concludes that the plant’s wastewater treatment system, achieve a removal of 60% of the health, DQO and SS quality sanitary parameters, has an intermediate performance, and reduces in an intermediate term, the loadReceiving body pollutant called Río Contreras. With respect to total nitrogen and total phosphorus variables, the removal of these two parameters is considerably low.
At the same treatment plant of the Rafael Landivar University (DE LEON, 2017), it carried out the technical evaluation and the proposal to improve the percolative filters, which has as its main objective of this study the technical evaluation of current wastewater, making aPhysicochemical analysis and verifying water quality. To do this, a sample of wastewater was taken on the unification channel at the outlet of the percolator filter. This also led to review if the operation and maintenance in the system was currently carried out correctly. The input and output flow of the percolator filter was determined at maximum and minimum schedules. The data of the percolating filter design memory to make comparisons in the field also were also verified. Similarly, the current wetting area was determined in the percolator filter through field measurements. Subsequently, a sample was taken to perform a physicochemical analysis in the water laboratory of the Executing Unit of the Rural Aqueducts Program of the La Verbena neighborhood (UNEPAR). With these results, the quality of the water could be determined at the outlet of the percolative filter of the PTAR of the URL, Central Campus.
Throughout work it was concluded that the URL PTAR, Central Campus, works by complying with water quality standards. Improving the operation regarding the alternation of flow valves towards the branches of the percolative filters, the wet area to 72 could be increased.88% of a single filter.
At the national level (Vargas, 2015) studies the Eichhornia Crassipes and Lemna Minor in the removal of parameters of domestic wastewater of the Azungue gorge of the city of Moyobamba, with this work it was sought to improve the quality of the ravine since it is usedas a domestic wastewater receiver and therefore it is contaminated. For the development of the investigation, the system is chosen by batches, which consisted of installing two 72 l glass tanks of domestic wastewater each for later treatment with macrophytes.
The parameters to evaluate domestic waste2010-minam) in this way to determine whether the plants were efficient when removing the values with which the water entered the tanks. In both systems, aquatic plants maintain the conditions of aerobic degradation of organic matter and filtered sediments, thanks to its roots, where an intense activity of microorganisms develops. After all the work done, it was concluded that the Eichhornia Crassipes is more efficient in the removal of parameters, since it is well below the values that the lemna minor threw which was also efficient to a lesser extent.
At the local level (Callata, 2014) in his investigation I carry out the evaluation and proposal of the wastewater treatment plant of the AJoyani district, with which it is intended to contribute to the efficiency, improvement and commissioning of the treatment system used. The applied methodology is based on the identification of the system, diagnosis, historical registration of field data, sampling frequency processing and analysis of analyzed parameters, evaluation of results and proposal to improve the tributary. It is concluded that the system is not working efficiently since its removal efficiency is low. The system treatment efficiency through the parameters evaluated are: BOD5 80.59%, dqo 80.59%, oils and fats remains 0.012 mg/l, total solids in suspension 7.77%. The removal efficiency of total coliforms 55 was also determined 55.14% and fecal coliforms 41.93%.
We can also mention (Mamani, 2017), which performs the evaluation of the operability and redesign of the stabilization lagoon of the district of Ilave whose objective was to meet the requirements necessary and required by the rules for the discharge of wastewater, treatedBy the PTAR, it also indicates that the efficiency of the lagoon system is 7.903% for what a treatment train raises that consists of: Chamber of bars, drainer, flow meter of the Parshall type, flow party channel, entrance and exit structures of the lagoons, battery of lagoons of the optional type put in parallelfollowed by a pulping or maturation lagoon that will work in series. With this treatment train raised, an efficiency reached, of: efficiency = 85.242% (in terms of BOD5), and efficiency = 99.69%(in terms of fecal coliforms), therefore, the proposed treatment train, greatly guarantees compliance with the standards and parameters indicated by current standards.
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