Theories of doubt
Introduction
Descartes, on his way to the encounter with certainty, already raises the methodical doubt: he rejects as absolutely false everything in which he could warn the slightest doubt. He tries, in this way, to see if there really is something in his mind that is entirely unquestionable. He submits to him everything existing, and gradually rejects elements and principles. Due to this skeptical position he adopts.
Developing
The knowledge based on the senses (and empiricism, therefore), for inducing errors in most cases, when not in all cases, in all cases, is categorically and in the. There is nothing that can be considered certainty in them. He then raises a more radical expression of his methodical doubt, the impossibility of distinguishing sleep vigil. All the thoughts that come awake can also occur during sleep, so we cannot find absolute certainty that what we perceive is real and not a mere product of our imagination.
The radicality of this statement leads him to doubt the existence of the world. He then created the hypothesis of the evil spirit, of extreme power and intelligence that puts all his efforts to induce me to error. Descartes then solves that all the everything he had acquired as knowledge so far was false, unable to ensure that it was different from the illusions of dreams. But after a skeptical period, Descartes found a principle that endured any doubt: "Cogito ergo sum" or "I think, then I exist".
Note that it is the only thing that may really be sure, and appears before him as a truth, clear and different in his mind. Find in him the first principle of philosophy he was looking for. Thus justifies his own existence as a thinking entity, that he does not need, to be, of any place to be or any material thing. Establishes a separation of this justified (soul) and the body, which is mortal (contrary to the soul) and less easy to know and important than this.
conclusion
From this first idea, it is definitely able to determine that the criterion of acceptance of a proposition as truth is clearly the sharpness with which it is presented in your mind, being the difficulty in knowing which ones have a clear presentation and which do not. Reflect, later, about your doubt. If there is doubt in itself, because this is less perfect than the truth, he had to learn for something to think about something more perfect than him. Therefore, there must be some nature without defect, more perfect, on which he depended.
Leave feedback