The slavery reflected through realism in the works of Icaza and García Márquez
Since ancient times, slavery has been well framed in the lives of humans;which is closely related to racism or, rather, slavery arises from this circumstance;achieving significantly affecting the development of man in society, which, judges by his roots, plunging him, without any remorse, in the abyss of slavery, which will hardly come out;This same slavery will extend to their fellow men leading them to be exploited and minimized by their "superiors", which are the ones who put the rules in their lives as if it were a game of chance;But it is here that the phrase: "No one but one can free her mind from slavery" of the Jamaican singer -songwriter Bob Marley, takes strength, since, it is the effort of being the only able to raise the individual to the freedom of the chainsthat oppress him, in order to be able to touch the elixir of freedom.
In the Huasipungo works by Jorge Icaza and Love and other demons of García Márquez, this issue is handled as the center of which circumstances that establish a critical situation in the development of the characters emerge, leading them to face deplorable situations, to the point ofmay your heart shudder because of fear;In these situations the authors of the novels, mentioned above, give their characteristics their own characteristics that they use as weapons to combat adversities, leading them to forge a character that surprises the reader.
Jorge Icaza Coronel, Ecuadorian writer and novelist, born in Quito in 1906, recognized by capturing, through the current of social realism, the sufferings of the Indians because of the slavery exerted by the landowners, thus accentuating the cycle of the narrativeIndigenist of the twentieth century, becoming one of the greatest representatives of this movement. Developing his childhood in the hacienda of his landowner uncle, entered into contact with the harsh reality through which the Indians passed with their patterns, which incentive to perform strong social criticism through all his works, as in Barros de Sierra de Sierra(1933) and on the streets (1935);However, the work that would excel in the indigenism of the Ecuadorian narrative was Huasipungo (1934), thanks to the fact that it manifests the reader, transferring the lines, the humiliating situation through which the Indians are going through in the estates in the estates.
Gabriel García Márquez, better known as "Gabo", was born in the Colombian city of Aracataca on March 6, 1927, was a Colombian novelist and journalist of the twentieth century, winner of a Nobel Prize, known as the father of magical realism;Through this movement he will highlight the common conditions of people with a fantastic touch, with whom he manages to captivate the reader. At the beginning of love and other demons, Márquez explains that his work as a journalist was what led him to the story of, now a Colombian saint, Servant Maria of all angels, however, his first approach was for his grandmother, since, he comments on the work “[…] My grandmother told me as a child the legend of a twelve -year -old marquesa whose hair dragged him like a wedding tail, who had died of the evil of rage for the bite of a dog, and was venerated in the Caribbean towns by its many miracles.”(García Márquez, 1994);In addition, he suggests that meditating that this can be the body of the grave, was what the incentive to perform the book, exploring the circumstances of the Colombian society of Cartagena of the 18th century, including the slavery of that time.
Both writers reflect the era of slavery and their circumstances in their works, through realism, literary tendency that aims “The search for art in the daily life of the human being” (Raffino, 2019), in this case, focus realityof slaves in their respective regions.
Jorge Icaza, choose between the divisions of realism, use social realism, to set the aforementioned issue, this literary current is characterized by showing conflicting situations of society seeking to highlight who perishes in those situations;That is why, in Ecuadorian literature, social realism is indigenism, which is when a writer, oblivious to the reality of the Indian, writes about his reality;In this way, in the novel it seeksThe hacienda with the Quito;presenting, in addition, their precarious living and work conditions, recreating them as actions deserving of admiration, for supporting both for their own.
While, Garcia chooses magical realism to present slavery in his work, a literary current that is determined by telling strange, fantastic and illogical facts in a realistic context, where the supernatural is part of a usual environment;In the case of Servant María de los Ángeles, the suffering of her and abuses to which she is subjected is evidenceShe from her birth;In addition, she shows how slavery, was also strengthened by the different customs of the society of the time, as a negrero port where slaves arrived;However, Márquez reflects in the work the customs of both societies and how they collided with each other, through a fantastic touch by moving the slightest of reality.
Blacks and Indians, together, were the ones who suffered slavery voraciously, for whites;suffering simultaneously different abuses and abuses to their humanity;regardless of even the different times in which each one was located;The African Americans, because they were black overcome the egocentrism of whites, their owners, who believed more than they only for their skin color and social position;The Indians, on the other hand, were mistreated and humiliated by their feudal, only because of the fact that their patterns were owners of the land in which they lived;So, they lived under their orders so that they are not stripped of their land, their home.
In conclusion, Latin American writers Jorge Icaza (Ecuadorian) and Gabriel García Márquez (Colombian), presented in their works Huasipungo, published in 1934, and of love and other demons, published in 1994, respectively, the decadent enslaving situations to which they were Submitted the people who did not fit with the status of the eighteenth and twentieth centuries, the African Americans for not being white and the Indians for not having their own land; So both, despite the different centuries, went through constant humiliations by their patterns; All this exposed, through the current of realism, which seeks to show in the literature the reality of controversial situations, making a criticism of society; However, each one opts for a different subdivision: Jorge Icaza, was directed by social realism, since, seeing with his own eyes the silent suffering of the Indians, he intends to expose conflicting scenarios of society seeking to highlight those who suffer in These types of situations, thus highlighting their work and showing why the treatment they receive is unfair; Unlike Icaaz writer shows social reality, but adding a fantastic touch, through strange events; However, he does not lose the essence of real life, implementing the supernatural to this world as usual.
However, regardless of the current chosen to deal with various topics, such as slavery, or their experiences with these;Both writers manage to recreate in their novels the atmosphere of reality, managing to wrap their characters in that environment, to show through them the aberrant situations to whom people were subjected in ancient times, just because their only crime was notTo be born of a different color or for not belonging to a different status, so they were punished with abuse, humiliations and abuse, or rather, with slavery.
Bibliography
- García Márquez, G. (1994). Love and Other Demons. Buenos Aires, Argentina: South American S.A. Retrieved on March 2020
- Icaza, j. (1960). Huasipungo. Ecuador. Retrieved on March 2020
- Raffino, m. AND. (September 3, 2019). Realism. Retrieved on March 2020, concept.of.: https: // concept.of/realism/
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