The Republic of Plato
In the sixth book, after a long discussion, they establish the difference between what philosophers are and what they are not, the government will be granted to people who are appropriate to face it, and not to people who cannot govern or take tocarried out such an important mission. The true philosophers are those that will take the ideal state, since they are the ones who really know the basis of life, and can have a certain awareness about what they do. The dialogue continue with the idea that there are many individuals who call themselves philosophers and who really do not know even half of what they should know in order to acquire that name, be it their erros when they fall into the temptations of life,corruption, wealth, or any other similar reason for the many that may exist. In the end, it concludes with the idea that the attitude of the philosopher in relation to good, consists of having a good concept adapting, being able to define it and act correctly accordingly, argue its dialogues and demonstrate that it has greater superiority than others and also powerdeduce ethical and practical consequences.
In this dialogjustice of the world could therefore apply them in the state. Therefore those who are not philosophers are because they have not completed that learning, which is necessary for them to carry out all their requirements and as a consequence they would not be good governors of a society in which so many thousands of people depended on it, therefore,This deep selection is carried out, that it may seem to the best a bit extremist, but that if one thinks from the way the philosophers thought, I want to say those of that time, that is to say those who were and discussed about the Republic, it is not badly raised and therefore they were doing well. At the same time there is talk of the things that make those who are not wise at all are not, such as falling into vanities, greed, money, and all those things.
Focusing more deeply on, for example, corruption, is something that is very the order of the day because the politicians of our current society are not the wisest, the most ideal, which best know the functioning of everything andIt is of course something that we do not want to suffer. Because there is no exact filter that makes these kinds of individuals do not come to being able to make us all have the best society. And for the politicians and rulers that we have, many have not been educated as Socrates and Plato proposed but have been there, by the influences, by the acquaintances, etc., and this is how everything works lately, so I think not that notIt would have been bad that at least that aspect of the Republic would have been fulfilled and carried out to our times, thus we would avoid situations such as those that are lived at this point, of the world, and it is sad since a world that is so advanced hasSo many technologies, advances advances and all that, have as consistent, great advantages and such, but that we are not able to create a state or a government, that is real, and that meets all the requirements it should meet, is that it makes no sensethat there are countries that are in misery because of tyrannia and all the state diseases that Plato mentioned and that in reality, they carry all the reason in the world.
In the seventh book of the Republic, it is based on the famous and well -known myth of the cave, which would be the following, some men locked from childhood in a cavern, tied hands and feet and unable to move their heads, they just look towardsIn front, on the wall of the front, shadows are reflected, from the other side of the wall where men are supported, a fire is located, and some men covered with hoods, and in their hands they carry some sticks with those figures in theextremes, then there is a steep road, very difficult to overcome and that leads to the exit of the cave, there abroad, are the real world, with trees, plants, natural light from the sun, in short, all thingsWhat we have on our planet.
This myth corresponds to the following symbology, the men tied are we, ignorant and tied by the things of the sensitive world, which is represented by the shadows, which are an analogy of the things that hide us knowledge, the hooded menThey are the things that prevent us from seeing reality well, and that distract us, they are hooded because it should not be proud to be a bad influence, the difficult and steep path is the way to knowledge, which is arduous and difficult, and thatNot everyone gets overreal knowledge, therefore they have managed to be wise. This dialogue continues with Socrates that states that to achieve this wisdom, children should be instructed and educate with geometry and astronomy since they are solid knowledge and that they do not distract us from reality. Likewise, he believes that the rulers should be, looking for a common purpose, that is, achieve or achieve good for all citizens of the State, hence that knowledge must be applied, because they should not seek their own good. And of course look for good.
I believe like Socrates, that philosophers should be able to give up all things and images of the sensitive world, because they would not be distracted from the conception of the reality of the world and would follow the path of righteousness, so I think thatIt is very difficult to achieve knowledge, first because it is a great willpower, since we are talking about ignoring the world around us, that we feel with our hands, that is, we should be able to look beyond, whichI think very complicated, and once that process began, so we must already start the true knowledge. In that sense I think it is perfectly related to the myth of the cave, since in that hypothetical case, exit would be very complicated for people who have been seeing the same all their lives.
Socrates, having summarized, and clarified what would be the perfect ruler, makes an explanatory echo which seems great to me, that it would be to say that not only rulers, but the rulers, women, who have reached the same qualities as themen, because they have been educated to the same extent. It should also be noted that I am in accordance with what they say about that intelligence will not be left cloudy with discussions, since it will be able to distinguish in what are truths and what they are not. I also believe that those who are at the service of the State must have assumed their responsibilities and that doing it well does not cost them so much, because they would mean that they do not like what they do, then they would be planted because they have done so and perhaps they would not fulfill.
The eighth chapter deals with the diseases of the state of Plato, such as the aristocracy, which is a suggested political system suggested by Plato and Aristotle, which would be headed by people who stand out for their intellectual wisdom, after having studied superior studies inuniversity or similar institutions, that is, some wisdom would have.
Then there is also the disease of the oligarchy, which is a system of government in which the power is in the hands of the people who were belonging to a socially high class, that is, they were privileged. Then the aristocracy also appears, a disease that consists that the only individuals who participate in the government that sends in the State are the citizens, and who have a certain capital or a certain type of properties, and the search for honor is one of theFundamentals on which this political regime is based. And to end, the disease of tyranny appears, which is consisted of a way of being in the government in which the ruler has the greatest power in the world, that is, it has a total and absolute power and that it is not censored orlimited by any law, specially and exclusively when that power and that position of so much level and prestige have been reached by illicit means and that above the hard face of abusing that power, having achieved it by means of a means that should not beThe right one.
There is also talk in this dialogue about the media that would be adequate to be able to eliminate state diseases that have been raised by Plato. I think that about this dialogue, the clear vision of diseases that are a clear example of the lack of education, knowledge and wisdom that have made all those people who in power could have been good rulers if they had been educated with theEducation ways proposed by philosophers. Then they would have been good rulers, who would have known how to achieve a state that would not be broken by the way of governing these people who have reached command of a city, something so responsible, that as we have clarified in the previous dialogues, only responsibilityof the wise and philosophers. In addition to how he mentions in the text, it has been caused by an excess of tyranny, an excess of abuse, for these causes the discipline and order would have disappeared, if they had received some kind of education of that character. And also the lack of respect before the laws already established, that is, to skip what others have done with a common effort and objective, which was to achieve the best good for others.
They also agree that at the beginning of most governments with these characteristics, that is, tyrants, democrats, oligarchic, etc., that begin their government with many promises, putting faces of joy and giving us a false future of government that in the end, would become in the endIn something negative for all those who are under their command, but at first they sell us the motorcycle very well so that then in the end, they lie to us, disappoint us, and make our city and our government something that we do not want and notIt only does not benefit us, but it does not suit us and harms us, stealing us, with scams and endless barbarities that of course do not tell us at the beginning of their government. But at first they will behave with some honesty, to deceive ourselves and that we do not regret soon, and then when they come to light, if someone opposes their government and mandate, it is eliminated and taken out of combat. In addition, every day he will need more soldiers or assistants to support them since they will not have anyone in the town to do it because they do not help them at all and they will seek subjects, that many almost obliged respond to their intentions in order to be able
Book IX begins with the description of the tyrant, which could be defined in this way, a tyrant is a person who governs against rights in the State and does so without any justice, and this applies to people who are abusing powerthat they have, their superiority and of course their strength, exercising them in their own benefit and convenience and in an authoritarian way and doing it clearly without any justice and according to their will. He also expresses that when someone becomes a tyrant, it is because his soul is subjected and is due to the worst passions, and in these qualities, the soul ignores what he really wants.
In addition, they proclaim who is the happiest ruler and the one who is happier, means that he who is a true aristocrat, really manages to be guided by reason and knowledge since he possesses those capabilities because he has learned them, and the tyrant, instead He is unhappy, because he has enslaved his own passions and now tries Acquired the ability to govern himself and then then when he is already capable, and he knows how to be guided by the good path, he begins to learn what it is to guide an entire population that is a great responsibility, but as that man has already learned throughout From a complex learning process, it will not cost it so much and will know how to do well, also adding that this philosopher or wise has acquired the property of the use of reason and intelligence, which argues that the man can achieve a good sense in his life and in the life of those he is in command. They also believe that it is also importantto send with a good criteria, but they cannot do it. It also dialogues that the soul must be taken care of it so that more of the truth can be participated and that the dissatisfactions are not supplied, but that they join the pleasures that the senses provide.
Therefore they comment that the philosopher has a soul that knows how. And finally, he communicates that the wise retains harmony in his soul and inside. My opinion on this is that he is right that the wise is and feels as complete inside for everything he has acquired and that the tyrant, on the contrary he is completely empty since he has not filled his life and his interior with knowledge,In other wordsfalse, since you cause momentary pleasure, bad, of course but they like them and then on the other side I think that when you are wise, how you feel good, you want others to feel good but they want to do it to theirway because they feel complete and real happiness and that fills them fully, for that reason they do not want citizens to suffer and not suffer, do not suffer the others and everything for those people to feel the pleasure that that provides them.
Finally, Book X, the last of the Republic, concludes with Socrates, who affirms that he has many reasons to believe that they have founded the most perfect state, above all things, the regulation they consider on the related issue of thepoetry. And what seems good that he considers poetry is that they do not admit that it is imitative, that is, nothing can be copied or plagiarized, because part of that poetry is full of allegories and relationships with life and some gods with others thatAll they can do is cause a departure from the objective that the wise men have in their education, and therefore, as already exposed in Plato’s first books, only good scenes would be shown and have comparisons from which they couldget a good benefit for life and the process of knowledge education.
At the end of the dialogue it is shown what the purpose that the righteous will have and the one that the unfair will have, that is, their final destination, when they finish earthly life and make it clear that the purpose of the one who has virtue is immortality. As the righteous have already been commented before, they are already receiving their own rewards, since being doing good, they are rewarded and becoming happy, since they do good and that is a satisfaction. Later the myth of the tyrants and responsible for injustices is explained and from there it follows that souls are all free, and that they have all the capacities, but that each one according to their life on earth is choosing their own destiny,since according to their actions, such as doing Ben and distributing justice wherever it goes, they can also do and distribute injustice, which will surely be badly rewarded, because they will not be fulfilling a good task.
Each one, anger choosing in order the preference he would like to throw, since even the last one could choose if he wants to be kind and good, but he will do what he wants. This conception about the world of ideas I think is not well accurate at all, since each one when it is born has a soul, and it is true that it can more or less choose its destiny, but we are conditioned by the education that is given to us,And what we receive from the outside since we are little, because if not, I think we would all choose, so I believe that in reality the way of being of a soul, is not simply determined by oneself, but that when one is already aware of what it is, it is difficult to change it, by the simple fact that after many years of many yearslife at the end and each one is already conditioned, therefore it is not completely free.
I conclude the text comment with the opinion that the ideal world or ideal state of Plato is well raised and that the contributions of each of the philosophers are well raised, but since everything in this life has nuances with which I am not completely ofAgreement but in general, I think that if applied in our society, many things could change for better, since education and good being and happiness of all people are valued a lot.
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