The problem of transvestism in Mexico
This work will try to describe the problem posedindividuals, in their daily lives and especially culturally. For this, as a main measure, a review of the basic concepts of the sexation process and the motivation of sexual behavior will be made to psychologically locate transvestism, its genuine manifestation and its differential diagnosis with other sexual manifestations with which it sometimes confuses itespecially with transsexualism and homosexuality.
Then, the various conflicts that generates at the psychological and social level the analysis of the roles and gender identity in relation to the biological fact of sexual dimorphism during the development of the personality of an individual. The motivation of such behavior in the sexual field of its biological area represents sexual dimorphism at the psychological, genital, etc., configuring the sex of the individual, that is, what basically "is": male or female. Explicitly manifests itself through morphological or genital sex. At the social level of the SS, the sexual role is expressed, that is, the role of gender assigns to the individual, according to the guidelines of culture (family, community) to which it belongs (public expression). So, the individual from birth must learn to identify with the sexuality assigned to him. What is expected to be "is to adopt and express male or female roles.
At the psychological level, gender identity is expressed, which means the conviction at an early age (around three years) that he is a child. It is the psychological internalization of the gender roles assigned culturally as a public expression, taking the boy or girl awareness of their masculinity or femininity. The environmental "molders" (education learning) standardize the functions that the individual must "act" (assignment sexuality).
The internalization of masculinity or femininity (gender identity) arises as a consequence of the interaction between what the individual is as sexual differentiation from the biological area (male or female) and what the environment where it is immersed "expects me to learn"of how learning that the environment proposes as male or female gender roles made available and taxes by that culture or group to which it belongs. In other words, it is what the individual internalizes as a private experience of what he has at his disposal as a public expression at the cultural level according to the group to which he belongs.
This self-awareness of being "male or female" is usually achieved around three years. That is, from that stage in the psychic area of personality development and sexual expression, different alternatives can appear in gender identity in accordance with the greater or lesser firmness between morphological sex and sexuality assigned to itTo the individual. Among the most frequent changes to observe in gender identity are androginia and transvestism. Androginia (a word that comes from the Greek that means ´´ man and woman ‘) is the expression of the sexual gender (appearance of ambiguous gender). They are those who do not fit the stereotypes of gender role exhibiting both male and female psychosocial behaviors.
Transvestism appears when a person who being of a sex feels pleasure or conformity in dressWith transsexualism (sexual identity conflict).
Transvestism is configured when an individual who being of a sex, "feels" that his gender identity actually corresponds to that of the opposite sex, as if he were "imprisoned" in a body that does not fit his true inclinations. This state of dissatisfaction with biological sex is also called gender dysphoria. So that, given this "aberration of nature" these individuals feel more comfortable showing attitudes and expressions that correspond to the opposite biological sex.
Transvestism can bring psychological traumas in its process of acceptance both personal and socially. These individuals go through a series of difficult stages in which he is assimilating and finally accepting their tastes. From the beginning, sometimes these individuals discover their tastes for something as simple and banal as using a garment of a family member, an accessory, either by mere curiosity or by someone else’s decision, when they were small. In the childhood stage this is causing a rewarding sensation and feels a satisfaction similar to when you have just had a sexual experience.
This hobby can cause these individuals a feeling of loneliness or guilt, due to the roles that have already been imposed and adopted as a socially ´´correctos´´ ‘about what is supposed to be a man and especially in the family nucleus.
This issue becomes even more problematic when reaching puberty, where confusion and hopelessness dominates the judgment of these individuals, due to what society considers correct what does not fully coincide with its preferences and ways of expressing their tastes. It is later when they find the need to accept themselves as they are and leave aside their insecurities and concerns. At this stage, the transvestism practitioner seeks equal groups in search of feeling belonging to a group, whether transvestite bars, Internet forums, according to their possibilities and circumstances. In public spaces, the greatest acceptance for this minor.
However, different types of transvestism can be identified, among which is the non -fetish transvestism, which consists of the simple fact of feeling pleasure for dressing or carrying accessories of the opposite sex, it is a satisfaction comparable when feeling like the opposite sex,But only for very short periods.
Then there is fetish transvestism, in which there is a sexual excitement due to dressing garments that belong to the opposite sex. Apart from the various difficulties faced by transvestites in the process of acceptance and self-discovery, it is recognized that it is a very problematic situation in terms of the impact it causes on the family nucleus. It becomes even more complicated in this traditional and heter. The family is a very considerable factor in the development of the individual, even referring to gender.
Discrimination towards transvestite individuals in Mexico
It is a fact that, it cannot be denied that intolerance towards transvestism practitioners is present all areas of our society and especially in Latin American countries such as Mexico. This discrimination is practiced by those do not respect the gender identity of other individuals due to cultural and religious beliefs that condemn these practices and catalog them as ´´depravadas´´ or ´´ ´´Perversas´´. In those who condemn marriages between people of the same sex or that there are different types of family that do not necessarily present a heteropatriarchal structure. In those who are unable to accept that men can cry or show feelings.
According to studies, Mexico is currently in the second place worldwide for members of the LGBTQ group only below Brazil with 200 homicides that are homophobic or intolerant against individuals belonging to the LGBTQ collective in these last 3 years and notThis figure seems to stop if things are still as they are.
In Mexico, the main control over society falls to government entities, but also by citizens. There are strong policies for regulating public spaces that contain segregation, exclusive and denigrant features that almost exclusively impact individuals who belong to a vulnerable social minority. The same members of a community are largely complicit in this police control, maintaining a conception of exclusive citizenship. Inside, the control is also a police nature, and in many cases even more violent. In several states of the Republic there are still edicts and foul codes that condemn behaviors such as dressing clothes of the opposite sex and the offer of sex, and enable persecutory police action without guarantees.
This is the case of a young man who worked as a transvestite waiter in Tamaulipas who had no choice but to give up his job in a food restaurant due to the harassment he constantly received from his boss. Thus, labor discrimination is expressed in our country. Labor violence (offenses that directly attack personal tastes and ways of dressYoung waiter will finally give up his work. Despite this scandal there is not too much information about it on the previous case, and since there are many more cases of labor discrimination towards transvestites that remain in the most absolute silence, in impunity or in mere uprisings of minutes that presume to attend thecases but that actually stay for oblivion.
Within the set of difficulty that the people of the LGBTQ collective in Mexico face are not only family, school, institutional and public discrimination, but labor discrimination plays an important role in which marginalization is based on and impacts on thequality of life that a person who practices transvestism can have.
This discrimination that is usually manifested against the LGBTIQ community when looking for a stable job is more exercised against people transvestites. The ignorance that leads to it about the understanding of gender diversity produces that when asking for work, these people are denied by the way of expressing their gender identity.
Not only does it happen that employment is denied a transvestite individual after several work interviews stigmatize and consider this individual as a being inferior to the challenge of heterosexual persons in their work performance, it also happens that those who travel inTheir work is usually segregated, mistreated and with time firewoods.
In Mexico there are few serious studies that deal with the employment situation facing the people of the LGBTQ group and the government has done little to generate information on the subject and make this social problem visible. It is enough to point out that on the page of the National Institute of Statistics and Geography (INEGI) there is no data that records the number of people who are employed.
A study carried out in 2009 entitled “Research: Discrimination and labor exclusion of the transvestite, transgender and transsexual population of Mexico City” where several people belonging to the group were interviewed indicates that:
“There is a high unemployment rate, and in the absence of this one opts for self-employment. A 54.88% of the population has to resort to self-employment, 25.48% of the population has a salaried job and 19.60% of the population is totally unemployed. This means that a high percentage of the population surveyed does not have any social benefit and 64.68% of the interviewed people claim to have suffered some kind of labor discrimination ”.
In the social issue, people who self-identify as transvestites are unable to occupy stable jobs and with decent salaries or having access to university studies. On the contrary, these individuals are considered to be destined for sex work, being dancers or devoting themselves to styling. And while it is true that a large part of the transvestites earn a living in this type of jobs, it is largely due to the labor discrimination suffered by our country.
Linked to this the denial by government authorities in guaranteeing the protection of these individuals (something that has only been achieved in Mexico City) hinders the life situation of many people who practice transvestism. On the contrary, the authorities continue to fight in favor of the demands of conservative and ultra -right groups such as the National Front for the Family that oppose a gender identity law.
Although in Mexico there is a law that advocates the rights of transvestites, transgender or transsexuals which says that no authority or individual may restore the right to associate or gather these individuals peacefully with any lawful object;The manifestation of ideas will not be the subject of any judicial or administrative inquisition, cases of discrimination and intolerance towards these individuals in our society still are still seen or which says much of our culture that still has retrograde and sexist thoughts still have.
It can be considered that in modern society the term ´´Travesti´´ is often used as a pejorative or insult with all the negative connotations that this implies, making the transvestite individual in the blank of segregation, discrimination and stigmatization, closely related to a kind ofinterdependence in which stigma precedes the violence of their rights, in different ways in the family, social, religious, cultural, academic, labor, legal, and even doctor. Transvestism has been conceived as a transgression to the idea that there can only be men or women who act and express themselves as such, completely questioning the idea of the supposed naturalness of genres, which, of course, moves away from what whatFeel or think the transvestite subject.
Outside the laws that seek to avoid the discrimination of individuals in the LGBTQ collective and lead to their complete integration into society, many times in practice, stigmas based on an entirely dualistic, man and woman, who discriminates andIt demonizes other options, which is related to religious dogmas and beliefs that people who do not conform to the normative criteria imposed by society, where the affective and sexual relationship between a man and a woman is accepted without restrictions, butConsiders sick and degenerate that two people of the same sex can maintain a stable couple relationship, which increases even more when someone states not to feel comfortable with their body, in the case of transsexuals.
It is due to these prejudices that are related to religion and culture that are rooted in Mexican society since the arrival of the Spaniards that it is very laborious to be able to eradicate these stigmas in our society and allow sexual minorities such as transsexuals, transvestites and homosexualsThey can integrate into our society and live a life of peace and harmony free of discrimination or prejudices. To understand the causes of why minorities in Mexican society receive so much harassment, violence and hate we must first identify the causes or origins of the problem.
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