The perception of religion and atheism
Within the theoretical debate it was observed that the religious freedom principle and the principle of secularism have great differences for the same purpose;However, since the present work aims to explain what is the relationship between the Catholic Church and the State, it was decided to take and the principle of secularism was also taken as a focus because it meets the necessary requirements to address the problem in a wayMore complete.
- A State in the judicial and social field is a style of organization supplied with sovereignty, it is composed of four fundamental elements such as: territory, population, sovereignty and government.
Taking the definition of the State of the sociologist Max Weber that says that this is the institution that centralizes the application of the legitimate force. This meaning of the State refers to the important role that the State exerts, by helping to eliminate its own justice or private revenge, which was applied in the first years, even when there was already the state itself is.
The State presents various forms, the best known are: According to its organization we have the simple states, where political power directs everything and there is only one authority, it is divided into unitary states and decentralized states.
The composite states are also taken, which encompasses a plurality of states, thus forming unions between them, it is divided into federal states, it is a territorial divided zone in several regions or provinces (it occurs in a democratic government), and in confederationof states, which is the permanent union of free and independent states, through an international pact.
- In interference, the action and effect of being entrusting into an issue is understood. It comes from the Latin Inserere, which means ‘put’, ‘insert’ and even ‘sow’ one thing inside another.
It is usually used to refer to those processes in which a person or institution is involved or interferes with an foreign matter, so it has a negative character. For example: "State interference cannot be admitted in private life".
Although the word describes different types of intervention that go from the private to the public, its most frequent use is in the political context, in which different applications can have.
- Religion is a system of beliefs, customs and symbols established around an idea of divinity or the sacred.
Religions are doctrines constituted by a set of principles, beliefs and practices on existential, moral and spiritual issues.
Etymologically, the word religion comes from religĭo Latin, religion, which in turn comes from the religāre verb. This is formed from the prefix Re, which indicates repetition, and the word ligare, which means ‘link or tie’.
Thus, religion is the doctrine that lighes strongly to the human being with God or the gods. Religion can be understood, in this way, as the action and effect of re -linking to God and human beings.
Currently, the greatest religions of the world, considering their number of faithful, are (in decreasing order):
- Christianity (2.100 million),
- Islam (1.900 million) and
- Buddhism (1.600 million).
The word religion, on the other hand, can be used figuratively to mean that an activity or obligation is constantly and rigorously. For example: "Going to the gym every day is, for him, a religion".
- Faith is the belief, trust or assent of a person in relation to something or someone and, as such, manifests itself above the need to possess evidence that demonstrates the truth of what is believed. The word comes from Latin fides, which means ‘loyalty’, ‘fidelity’.
Faith also means having full confidence in something or someone: "I have faith that politicians will find a solution to the problems of the world".
In religious practice, faith is fundamental. In this context, the set of beliefs of a religion is called faith, in which case it is equivalent to doctrine. All religions require faith.
Thus, faith can refer to 1) believe in something and, 2) the things or principles in which we believe.
It is, therefore, under faith that believers accept as absolute truth the principles disseminated by religion they profess: belief in a supreme being and submission to their divine will.
Faith, on the other hand, is also synonymous with religion or cult: Islamic faith, Christian faith, Jewish faith.
Likewise, as faith it is called the credibility that has been granted to something or someone due to the authority, fame or reputation of the affirmation: "The minister said he has faith that negotiations would come to fruition".
A faith, finally, is also a document that certifies the truth of something and can only be issued by duly authorized public officials: singleness of life, faith of life.
- As an agnostic we define the belonging or relative to agnosticism, that is, the philosophical attitude according to which all knowledge about the divine or about what transcends our earthly experience is inaccessible to human understanding. It is also considered agnostic one who professes agnosticism. The word, as such, is derived from the Greek word ἄγνωστος (Ágnostos), which means ‘unknown’, ‘not known’.
For the followers of agnostic thinking, it is useless to consider philosophical issues that are linked to intangible realities, which are beyond our understanding, because human reason, according to them, is not able to access a certain knowledge of the essence of the essence of the essenceof God or rationally based its existence.
- The term atheist applies to people who deny the existence of God. As for its etymological origin, the word atheist is of Latin origin Atheus, and this from the Greek atheos, formed by the prefix without. Consequently, the word atheists is "without God".
The term atheist was born in ancient Greece to describe those people who renegade the divinities adored by a massive part of society.
The atheist person is characterized by not believing in God or other gods. In theological relationships, an atheist is one that denies the existence of a supreme omnipotent, omniscient and omnipresentothers, who deny the existence of God.
However, the atheist person can be characterized by the attitude it possesses. There is an atheist with a positive or practical attitude, which is one that passionately defends the absence of any god, and there are atheists with a negative attitude, which is characterized by denying the existence of a God, due to lack of proof that demonstrates what it demonstrates whatcontrary.
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