The most important baby boomers in history
Introduction
A baby boom is a period marked by a significant increase in birth rate. This demographic phenomenon is generally attributed within certain geographical limits of defined national and cultural populations. People born during these periods are often called Baby Boomers;However, some experts distinguish between those born during those demographic baby booms and those that identify with overlapping cultural generations.
In the following analysis we intend to see a little back towards history and ask ourselves about these quite common and really interesting events, why they arise, in which they affect the world’s world population, what were the most important baby booms and analyze because these originated these
This essay is divided into 3 parts where:
In the first part we will talk about the historical events "Baby Booms" which of these was the most important and what were its main causes and effects.
In the second part we will talk about Baby Booms that occurred in different countries.
And in the third and last point I will give my conclusion and opinion about the subject.
Developing
As we already mentioned the Baby Boomers are the mass increase in the birth rate in some country or throughout the world, the causes of the baby booms imply several fertility factors. The best known baby boom occurred in the mid -twentieth century, starting at the end of the 1930s or early 1940s and ending in the 1960s. It was a change in trend that was largely unexpected, because in most countries it occurred in the midst of a period of improving the economy and the increase in living standards.
This baby boom occurred in countries that experienced giant damage for World War II and crossed dramatic economic difficulties. These countries include Germany and Poland.
In the United States, Baby Boom was attributed to the number of veterans who returned home after the war ended in 1945. It was also due to the strong post -war economy. The United States Congress approved the G.Yo. Declaration of Rights to promote housing ownership and higher levels of education charging very little or no interest in loans for
Veterans. Getting used to a more comfortable economic position allowed families to have a place to live, educate and start having babies. ‘Now it prospered in the American dream, life was simple, the works abounded and a record number of babies was born’.
The US birth rate. UU. Exploded after World War II. From 1941 to 1961, more than 65 million children were born in the United States. In the apogee of this baby boom, a child was born every seven seconds on average. The factors that contributed to the boom of the babies consisted of young couples who formed families after postponing marriage during the war, the government stimulus for the growth of families through the GI benefits and popular culture that celebrated pregnancy,paternity and large families.
The Baby Boom was the result that couples did not expect to have children due to the great depression and World War II. Once the Baby Boom began, the average woman began to marry around 20 years old instead of 22 years. Couples were eager to have babies after the war ended because they knew that the world would be a safer place to form a family.
Another main cause that led Baby Boom was that people could afford to move to suburbs to raise a family instead of living in the city. In addition, the cost of living in the suburbs was very low, especially for those who return from the army. This was also the period of time in which women were encouraged to assume their ‘roles’, which means that they encouraged them to stay at home as a housewife, in addition to being a mother while the husband worked.
The market became a sellers market. Many families were adapting to popular cultural changes that included the purchase of televisions, the opening of credit card accounts and the purchase of mouse ears to use while watching the Mickey Mouse Club. Once economists realized how many children were born, concern about the availability of enough resources arose, especially when those born in the Baby Boom period began to have their own children.
The problems of the Baby Boom period are: that it could have a great impact on the change of the population and cause social and economic impacts. An economic impact of Baby Boom is the concern that when the baby boomers grow and retire, the dependency relationship will increase. The Census Office estimates that the dependency index in the United States will be 65 by 2020 and will reach a 75 record, the highest since the 1960s and 1970s when those baby boomers were children were. The economy of an area or country could benefit from Baby Boom: it could increase the demand for housing, transport, facilities and more for the growing population. With a population increase, food demand also increased. If a country cannot keep up with a rapid growth population, it could cause food care and insufficient medical care facilities. Without sufficient supplies necessary for the population, it could cause health problems that could cause the death of the population.
Baby booms occurred in different countries
- Africa
‘According to the new UNICEF report, almost 2 billion babies will be born in Africa between 2015 and 2050 and the two main driving forces behind this increase in births and children are high fertility rates and the growing number of women thatThey can have children of their children. own self.’
The HIV / AIDS crisis in Africa has contributed locally to a population boom. Help money used for contraceptives has diverted in the last two decades to combat HIV, which leads to the number of born babies exceeding the deaths from AIDS.
- France
After being in a pause of low birth rates, France experienced a baby boom after 1945. The feeling that the population was too small, especially with respect to more powerful Germany, was a common issue at the beginning of the 20th century. Pronatalist policies set out in the 1930s and were implemented in the 1940s.
In addition, there was a constant immigration, especially of the ancient French colonies in North Africa. The population of France grew from 40.5 million in 1946 to almost 50 million in 1968 and just under 60 million in 1999. The agricultural population decreased dramatically, from 35% of the workforce in 1945 to less than 5% in 2000. In 2004, France was the second highest birth rate in Europe, only behind Ireland.
- Japan
The first baby boom
In Japan, the first baby boom occurred between 1947 and 1949. The number of births in the last three years exceeds 2.5 million every year, which raises the total number of births to about 8 million. The 2.69 million births in 1949 are the largest in postwar history. People born in this period are called the ‘Baby Boom generation’.
The second baby boom
It often refers to a period of more than 2 million births between 1971 and 1974, and the number of births in 1973 reached a maximum of 2.09 million. However, unlike the first baby boom, this increase in the number of births is an increase in the number of births not accompanied by an increase in the total fertility rate. People born during this period are often called ‘Baby Boom Junior’.
The birth rate has been decreasing since the second baby boom.
- USA
The term ‘Baby Boom’ refers more frequently to Baby Boom after World War II when the number of annual births exceeded 2 per 100 women. It is estimated that 78.3 million Americans were born during this period. The term is a general population group and is also applicable to other similar population expansions.
Recent Baby Boom periods include the following:
- Baby Boom after World War I:
- Baby Boom from the mid -twentieth century, commonly called Baby Boom after World War II: the years vary according to the source.
- Echo Boomers: They are mainly children of Baby Boomers and some members of Silent Generation and Gen X.
Effects on dependence caused by Baby Boom
During the baby boom that EE experienced. UU. After World War II, the dramatic increase in births led to a higher dependency rate, which means that there is a large part of the population under 15 years old and over 65 that depends on those in the workforce. The cohort of this baby boom is expected to increase the dependency rate once again once the majority is over 65 years old, since these people will no longer be part of the workforce. Some of the 75 million Baby Boomers began to reach retirement age in 2011. In 2000, only 12.4% of the population had 65 years or older and it is expected to increase at 18% in 2020, largely due to Baby Boom. Currently, the Government supports social security for the population over 65, which can lead to states to increase their budget to finance programs such as Medicaid.
conclusion
During the next 20 years, the population of Baby Boomer, as they age, will present many challenges and demands to the way we practice. This group of individuals will significantly alter the demography of the world’s population by representing more than a fifth of people in the world. In addition, they will be healthier and will live longer than past populations. Although ultimately, many will require more attention in nursing homes and long -term care centers, they will enter these centers at a more advanced age than current populations. An important change in disease patterns has also begun to emerge with chronic diseases that are more frequent than infectious diseases. Links between oral health and systemic health will continue to be established, and the roles of oral health professionals must be more collaborative, interprofessional and holistic.
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