The Mars channels and scientific innovation
As the innovation of science affects the channels of Mars
From the beginning, Mars, the neighboring panel of the Earth, interested us, for all the issues and assumptions that leaves us, as is that of the Italian astronomer Giovanni Schiaparelli, who made a map of the surface of the red planet with a telescopeCatadioptrico, who finds a type of natural structure he refers to as "Canali" which can be translated into channels. The Mars channels brought many controversies and debates about their existence. In this sense, Camille Flammarion and his followers, supported Giovanni’s idea based on new technological evidence. However, the misinterpretation of the scientific method and also technological advances leads them to inappropriate conclusions.
Before continuing with the great fight of whether the Mars channels exist or not, we must explain how Giovanni came to see them. The Italian scientist managed to see the channels thanks to a giant reflective telescope of the time in "the great opposition of 1877" where the Astros the Sun and Mars in find 180 degrees from the earth. Continuing with the debates of the existence of the Mars channels we will talk about Percival Lowell who would take one of the most important roles in these discussions, since his obsession with the idea that the channels of Mars exist lead him to defend the same until hisdeath and other people continue with their legacy.
The nation in 1855 in a wealthy family and mathematics study at Harvard University. At the age of 40, he begins to know the ideas of the astronomer Giovanni and the scientist Camille about the existence of the Mars channels and becomes obsessed with them, to the point of making a trip whose objective was to look for a specific place where he arrived where he arrivedLet’s see Mars totally (Manuel Vásquez Abeledo). A few decades after Lowell makes his trip, he finds a place where he would build his observatory that today bears his name, which is located in Flagstaff. In the same year the photograph is invented, which makes scientists begin to fulfill some of their principles which is: "Look and check what you have seen" (Manuel Vásquez Abeledo), where Lowell who is aware of it sendsThe Alliance office, Chilean region of Taparaca, Earl Slipher and David Todd, who take many photos about Mars, not getting effect on the assumptions of Givanni Schiaparelli and Camille Flammarion, quite the opposite made the assumptions grow that the percival astronomer Lowell neverHe was right.
After the death of Percival Lowell, his partner Earl Slipher does not give up and continuesTrust after Slipher’s death, Mariner IV (the first satellite that survived and commanded successfully the first images of the red planet, which was identical to Mariner III) in 1965 makes the surface of Mars and demonstrates that the land of the planet is moresimilar to the moon described by Camille Flammarion, Giovanni Schiaparelli and Percival Lowell.
In the twentieth century many other scientists were able to verify for a time that Mars channels were false. As did the French astronomer Eugène Antoniadi who in 1903 created the first 83 centimeter telescope, the largest of the time where in the Juvisy Flammarion Observatory in the great opposition of 1909 that manages to verify that what was achieved by Giovanni SchiaparelliThey were not channels but an optical illusion about the complex topography of Mars where the exchange of shadows managed to confuse astronomers, all this documented and evidences in his book "The Planet Mars".
Many years passed and the idea of Eugène Antoniadi was still intact, today we realize that the channels really exist thanks to the new satellites that NASA continually sends, such as the Marineris Valley, which is a type of channel that measures3 thousand kilometers long and 600 kilometers wide and is more than 8 thousand meters deep, which was discovered at the beginning of the 70s by Mariner 9 (Viking Project).
To conclude we can affirm that the scientific method was poorly implemented from the beginning, since Giovanni Schiaparelli disseminated the idea before having evidence, as Camille Flammarion and Percival Lowell did. We can also confirm that the innovation of science can affect different experiments yet are right, as did the channels on Mars who was discussed by science and technology but is now supported by them.
References
- Scientific, p. C., & Tomé, P. C. (2014, May 22). The great mess of the Martian channels. Retrieved from https: // culturecientifies.com/2014/05/23/El-Gran-Lio-de-Los-Canales-Marcians/
- The telescope: 400 years of evolution. (2009, July 21). Retrieved from https: // elbrogordodepete.WordPress.com/2009/07/21/El-Cerscopio-400-Nanos-De-Evolution/
- Mariner 4. (2018, August 26). Retrieved from https: // is.Wikipedia.org/wiki/mariner_4
- Plus, m. V. (2015, October 22). The Mars channels, an example of the use of the scientific method. Retrieved from https: // elpais.com/elpais/2015/10/21/science/1445442540_335497.HTML
- Valles Marineris: The Grand Canyon of Mars. (n.d.). Retrieved from http: // observatory.INFO/2011/03/VALLES-MARINIS-EL-GRAN-CANON-DE-MARTE-2/
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