The increase in migration
Introduction
The increase in migration and the violation of human rights of all people who are in mobility, constitutes one of the main concerns of today’s society. In some countries, immigration policy has gone from an approach focused on State security discourse to a human rights approach, because there are studies that recognize that the closure of borders instead of reducing migration, increases the violation of violation ofrights and vulnerability of human groups that irregularly cross borders.
Developing
There are multiple reasons why people migrate, voluntarily and forced. Forced migration is especially important because concerns addressed in human rights discourse and human mobility. This population group represented in economic migrants, displaced, refugees and statelessor the dangers that threaten the lives of those who migrate.
An effort has been made to include the different types of migration within the broad concept of "human mobility", trying to establish the differences and similarities between economic migrants, displaced, stateless and refugees. The benefits of this conceptualization translate into the recognition of the demands of priority care for all groups in mobility, without prejudice to the identification of the affirmative measures that correspond to each group.
Human mobility is associated with a complex process through which people pass, since they have the desire or need to leave their place of origin, the exit, the transfer, the entry, the settlement, the integration and the return of beingpossible. Several actors and the dynamics in each type of mobility are different in that process is different.
In the human mobility process, states of origin, transit and migratory destiny have a decisive role, since given the current moment of globalization, the same state can simultaneously have the three characteristics. Ecuador, for example, today is considered a country of origin, transit and migratory destination.
This complex phenomenon is also multicausal;In this is the diverse typology of mobility, which in turn should be reflected in the formulation of differentiated public policies, since in some cases certain rights are affected.
In a globalized world human mobility responds to multiple factors, such as wars, systematic violence, serious political and economic crises, famine, climate change, the search for opportunities and other human or natural factors. These are some of the reasons that cause hundreds of thousands of people to mobilize every day. It is associated with two antagonistic forces that control migratory flows, namely: the weakening of borders by the mixture of economic cultures, traditions and practices;and, consolidation of barriers on borders to prevent the passage of unwanted foreigners, ensure local order and safety. Since 2000, work began on policies related to Ecuadorians who reside abroad and start talking about the rights of migrants.
The issue of migration began to take strength due to the exit of Ecuadorians to other countries and for their international recognition. As Eguiguren mentions, from 1998 to 2007 the topics of greater analysis in relation to mobility were the traffic of people, the protection to Ecuadorians and the arrival and residence of foreigners to Ecuador, during this period there were two situations: Control and protection of migrants, guided by the influence of the United States.
Human mobility refers to any transfer of people from societies of origin to destination societies, for short or long lapses. This does not mean that all migrations have the same logics, they differ from each other, but all of them must receive effective protection from the states.
In other words. Therefore, it is affirmed that human mobility corresponds to the exercise of the right to free movement that people have, and therefore, it deserves protection, respect and guarantee.
conclusion
The expression human mobility, which is currently established in the Constitution of the Republic of Ecuador, refers to the displacements of human beings, which conceptually and doctrinely conceives as migration, a topic on which the following has been collected. The Academy of Language, defines the word migrate like this: migrate: reach a country to settle in it. In other words, the term migrating derives from Latin I will migrate, and means the action of reaching a country in order to settle in it. According to the above, with the word migrating, the arrival of people to a country would be designated, in order to establish themselves there, that is, to develop their life in a new place.
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