The feminization of poverty in the world
Introduction
This essay seeks through Marxist analysis, in relation to symbolic interactionism and relevant statistics, as well as complementary academic material, explain some causes, effects and challenges around the so -called feminization of poverty, a phenomenon for some recent, butwho is put in the Academy for several years and concerns not only intellectuals of gender studies, but of the economy, political science and after all, humanity itself, as long as women affects, butThe socio -economic and cultural organization. In addition to the above, the economic crisis suffered between 2007 and 2008, allowed us to observe how these types of problems tend to have a direct influence on women, a negative influence because they are particular repercussions that show the problem of existing inequality.
Therefore, it is first sought to define what the feminization of poverty is to be able to dimension and grant particularities of the concept, from this statistics collected by other investigations and international organizations will give strength and justification of the problem from concrete issues. Once this, the analysis of Marxist theory and implementthat allow its reproduction, so like the Dra. Sagot, it is convenient to complement with symbolic interactionism.
Finally, the effects and challenges can be seen through some data that clarifotherwise, more because of the nature of this essay, what highlights is the theory that will be used.
Developing
Feminization of poverty, a term located according to Aguilar, around the 70s in a statistical investigation that showed how women were victims of the poverty problem, through the income factor, which has its limitations, because we know for the theoryCurrent that has a multidimensional character, despite this and for its practical purposes, poverty feminization will be understood as “a series of frequently associated phenomen."
Therefore, given this condition of oppression in economic sense, it is that authors such as Rosa Luxembourg, in her text the proletarian lets us glimpse how the same contradictions between work and capital act on women, to understand clearly, those women those womenthat are within the production model and not the rentists who do not work and that only enjoy the work product of others, the tacit differentiation that makes between proletarian and bourgeois woman, is in this proletarian woman, on which a double is governedDomination, both class and gender and in addition to other categories such as ethnic and even geographical, since working women in Europe are not affected in the same way as African, Latin American or Asians. It is in this context that it is importantthat lead to the problem, because seeing it as a process we can determine causes and place them in a framework with specific characteristics.
In that sense, Engels in his book, the origin of the family, property and the State, places how sexual or biological differences translate into the so -called sexual division of labor, although that transformation is not yet entirely clear, it isA determining concept to understand why gender has specific repercussions on the economic and social organization forJobs ranging from areas historically dominated by men such as the financial sector, through education, inequalities are maintained, especially in the lower classes where these schemes continue to reproduce. In other words, this sexual division of labor, one of the main causes of why poverty generates different and more aggressive women’s women, as well as Engels himself, man becomes the bourgeois in the family andThe woman the proletarian, in that sense the woman is dispossessed of her properties and even the surplus value that the woman generates for her domestic work is appropriate by the man.
In addition to the above, according to Milosavljevic, the data shows that women heads of household, are usually poorer than the poor, that is, they usually have almost extreme poverty conditions, due to the discrimination suffered by women in the labor market thana householder, next to that they do domestic work mostly in single -parent families or where domestic work is not present. Therefore, this sexual division of labor, which has led the woman to domesticI work and not only this, but it tends to be seasonal employment, has been reproduced by the symbol, that is, the perception of the other – the woman in this case – as a mother, being transmitted as the DRA says. Sagot, for a control through education in the role of gender, abuse, multidimensional violence and even femicides.
Now, as tried to explain, the causes of this problem are of a historical and cultural nature, where the control mechanisms have been present, since the emergence of private property being exercised on women to give way to sexual divisionFrom work, even violent and exclusion mechanisms where just as the proletarian needs salaried work to survive, the woman is forced, given their discrimination in the labor market to depend on a man, that is, it is sought that domination be legitimatedBy this means, because the scope of this problem see them in the amount of growing femicides, salary gaps between persistent genres, prostitution, trafficking in women as they offer these, an ideal work that ends up exploiting them sexually and even being occupied in aNo employment, they carry the greatest weight of domestic work with respect to men.
However, there are some challenges even with respect to this phenomenon, one of them has to do with the measurement of poverty, since it is done through income despite the fact that the theory shows that it is a multidimensional problem, so it could be asked,How many heads of household are assured, how many of these have access to the Internet, entertainment, recreation and thus, a number of rubrics that do not explain or cannot be done through income.
Another challenge is to be able to reconcile the work with the familiar, that is, to include man more in domestic and care work, because as García Orelán recounts, permits for women are linked to children, not to people in a situationof dependency, which, being women thought as forced to perform domestic work plus the aging of the world’s population, can aggravate the feminization of poverty and make their professional and individual development more difficult, so that co -responsibility is a persistent challenge.
Finally, two important challenges have regarding the feminization of poverty, the first has to do with an effective recognition of the work of women in the same conditions as man and in turn, the political rights that work under the work under thesame conditions as a man, therefore contributes to the productive system, as well as his unpaid work. The second has to do with the problems derived from migrations with heads of household in charge, because in a world with such political instability in various regions and regular unemployment, they can force these mothers to migration or prostitution, in both cases it would generatea resurgence of the problem.
conclusion
Although, some causes of the feminization of poverty are found in the sexual division of labor, as well as in the ideological reproduction of this issue with a reality that seeks to maintain these conditions of domination, reverse this is not impossible, but it does require aEducation process, commitment to the co -responsibility and political rights of women such as deciding on their body, this takes time, despite the fact that there have been important advances, great challenges in different subjects have still persist, not only of theoretical nature, but practical but practicalMeanwhile poverty still has a woman’s face mostly.
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