The conservation of the orangutan
Introduction
The Orangutan de Borneo has been declared in potential danger of extinction according to an IUCN report (International Union for the Conservation of Nature). This means that conservation efforts during the last 50 years have been unable to avoid this fact. The most recent data published by a team of 38 international institutions suggest that between 1999 and 2015, the total number of orangutans was reduced in more than 100000 animals. This means that the species is disappearing faster than experts had planned.
Developing
Regardless of the positive results of previous conservation efforts, they have not achieved the only significant objective: a stable or increasing population. The sad reality is that there is very little to do to alter the decline of the trajectory. Main causes of the extinction of the orangutan of Borneo. According to studies carried out by IUCN, in 2010 only 59.6% of Borneo forests were suitable for the orangutans. And while much of this land is technically protected by the governments of Indonesia, Malaysia and Brunei, there are still continuous threats.
This is largely due to human activity. Intense illegal logging, forest conversion into extensive oil palm plantations, mining and felling from some highway construction forests are just some examples. The habitat by large -scale fires provided by the El Niño’s weather phenomenon is also harmed. In addition, illegal animal trade influences the decline of populations of this species. Finally, these specimens are also hunted and eaten occasionally by some indigenous peoples.
Alarming estimates. At one point, the populations of the Orangután de Borneo included hundreds of thousands of individuals. According to current estimates, the total number decreased by 50%. The most recent figures can be found on the IUCN website. The Red List of IUCN threatened species shows that about 14600 Sumatra Orangutans remain released. Borneo’s orangutan, meanwhile, is estimated at around 104700 individuals. The substantial loss of habitats on both islands infer that current figures are really below the numbers that appear in the IUCN red list.
Approximately, between 2000 and 3000 Borneo orangutans were killed every year, only in the last four decades. Borneo orangutan is an adaptive species. Orangutans in general have been described as a highly sensitive species that can survive only in the most virgin ecological conditions. However, the more researchers learn about this species, the more they find that they are able to adapt to new challenges. For example, they have seen that the orangutan of Borneo walks on the ground more often than was previously thought.
They can feed on plants that are not part of their natural diet, such as acacia or oil palm. These behaviors could allow them to survive in fragmented landscapes and in much smaller forest locations than possible. However, they cannot cope with the high death rate that is currently observed. Borneo orangutan is a very slow kind of reproduction. Females only reproduce once every six or eight years.
This is the longest birth interval of any land mammal, so the recovery of the population is very little significant. A new decline is forecast. There are protected populations in Borneo de Malaysia parts and some larger national parks in Borneo de Indonesia. This could see that it seems unlikely that the orangutan of Borneo is extinguished in the near future. Even so, there is an urgent need to prevent more deaths. Today, around 10000 orangutans live in areas assigned to the development of oil palm that are still covered with forests.
conclusion
Hunting, slaughter in conflict situations between natives and the collection of individuals as pets should be addressed through public dissemination. This would facilitate conflict resolution in communities and the application of the law. In terms of conservation it is key to develop appropriate strategies that really address the decline of the current population. In addition, you must investigate more deeply because people kill the orangutans.
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