Taekwondo lesions: Relationship between technique and injuries
Taekwondo is a sport of Korean origin, although the taekwondo itself is new, is about 60 years, the taekkyon, predecessor of the current taekwondo I leave all the techniques and rituals. Taekwondo is divided into 3 parts;Combat, forms and breakdown.
The first, the combat is the best known of all, and it is why many people are interested in this beautiful sport. As in all contact sports you are exposing your physique by fighting with someone else. In combat there are various protections that make the competitor improve its performance at the time of combat, there is the peto that is what protects the trunk and that is where it kicks. At the time of blunting the opponent’s bib add two points on the scoreboard. The helmet is what protects your head, which at the time of being beaten with your foot they give you three points, if you do it with a twist they give you four points. Among other protections are gloves and antebaceras that rather protect your rival not to you, since they don’t hit your elbow. The insteads and pimples are an important part of the protections since they help you reduce the force with which you hit blunt points of your rival, such as elbows, knees or arms.
Taekwondo also suffered a change with technology, electronic bibs began to be used, which to mark a point you have to apply a certain amount of strength on it so that the mechanism is triggered. Therefore, a different fighting style began to be used, and savagery, powerful kicks and spectacular ko ceased to exist, now taekwondo became a martial art similar to fencing, this did not like anything for anythingAt the olympic games. To try to remedy this, the WTF applied a new modality called TK5, which is a five fight against five, where everything is worth it, it is a very good show.
Countries form their teams with their best fighters and throw themselves into Tatami to have a wild battle in three five -minute rounds. The forms, is the most beautiful and most harmony technique within taekwondo. The forms are basically a fight against imaginary people, the beauty and complexity of this is of a major degree. Our country has obtained many recognitions in both areas but in ways it is where most of the medals take. Form training is much more specific and more complicated than that of combat, a greater physical and mental demand is required. The breakdown of tables is the most colorful in this sport. There is where it is shown how taekwondines take advantage of their athletisism and strength to fly through the air and then break a table, they also demonstrate their strength by breaking a large number of tables.
Most common lesions in taekwondo
Bruises
The bruises are the most common lesions in sports contact activities, it is the traumatic-inflammatory pathology. It consists of the clash of a part of the body in this case can be the bone with a hard surface. In the bouquet of bruises there are several branches such as:
- Superficial contusion: it is originated by a minor trauma and is characterized by a pain and partial functional impotence. A superficial contusion could be considered as a sleepy one, as it is colloquially called.
- Deep contusion: it is characterized that the trauma causes in depth lesions, either by the intensity of that, by the state of the traumatized tissues or by the location;In this case, the increase in volume and the presence of bruises can originate from the rupture not only of small blood vessels, but also of muscle mass.
Laceration
A laceration occurs when a dentated wound is produced and the skin or muscle opens. The lacerations can be deep or superficial, long or short, wide or narrow. In this sport the general way in which a laceration occurs is when when hitting something repeatedly there is an irritation that later becomes a laceration or cut.
Treatment
The repair of this type of injury is very simple, first a good cleaning correctly, you must first wash your hands well. Then be carefully wash the area and wound with water and a soft soap, use direct pressure to stop bleeding. In the end since he stopped bleeding, apply antibacterial ointment and a clean bandage so that the wound is not infected.
Sprain
The sprains are injuries that occur by having a forced movement of the articulation, beyond the normal limits, these go from a distension to complete ligament rupture. In this sport the most common sprains occur in the ankles as well as the fingers of the feet and hands. It is also known as forced movement. It is very common that after a sprain another can be presented, since stability does not return to one hundred percent, there is always a scar inside the skin. Many times it is very important that after a sprain ankle is used.
- First degree sprain: rupture of a small amount of fibers, ligaments, moderate pain and there is no lack of stability when supporting. A distension of the ligaments is observed without being totally broken. You can perceive a small swelling, mainly in the soft tissue.
- Second degree sprain: there is greater damage with a larger amount of fibers in the joint. It is characterized by an important laceration in the ligaments within the joint one quick.
- Third degree sprain: This type of sprain is due to a complete rupture of the ligaments inside the joint. You will not be able to move anything the joint, more will be accompanied by joint instability. Swelling as well as hemartrosis are clearly marked. The ligaments are shattered, the recovery is late and painful.
How to avoid sprains
To avoid a sprain in the ankles, a good warming is very important, of about 20 to 25 minutes, and what it refers to is not kicking from the beginning with all the force, you have to raise the intensity little by little. Also if you have history of previous injuries it is very important to use adequate protection in this case tobilleras.
Luxations: a dislocation or dislocation is an injury to the joints in which the tips of the bones get out of their usual position. This lesion changes the shape and disables the joint causing sudden and very intense pain. The most common causes of a dislocation are, a bad fall, sudden movements or a bad technique. The most common areas where this occurs is the shoulder, elbow, kneecap and wrist.
Fractures
Fracture is the complete or incomplete breakage of bone or cartilage, caused by an external or indirect force. Fractures can occur anywhere in the body, but in this sport the most common are;The bones of the forearm, the radio and the ulna, the warm and the fibula and finally the metatarsals of the feet.
- Incomplete fractures: those in which the fracture line affects one of the bone faces, are generally considered as comprehensive fractures and fracture in green stem.
- Complete fractures: the bone is totally split, the line crosses the entire bone. This produces a deformation of the parts near the bone.
Muscle tears
The tears are ruptures of muscle or tendon tissue, of variable extension depends on the length of the muscle. While it is true with can occur in any muscle, the inner face of the thigh, as well as the anterior part of the femur, are the most likely muscles of suffering ruptures. The symptoms that accompany this type of injury are pain, sudden and intense, located in a very precise place, with a muscle block, it cannot be moved. In mild cases the pain is the only thing that warns of the injury, but in a more severe tear it will be noticed with a severe hematoma, quite pronounced pronounced. The latter usually happens with a total muscle tear.
- DIRECT CAUSES: The most common causes are the violent contractions of the muscle or sudden and sudden. It is also common for a blow or fall. Another way in which it occurs is when the muscle is not heated poorly or simply by the fatigue of the same muscle.
- Indirect causes: the sweating that causes exercise and subsequently the dehydration that is consistent makes the body lose liquids and salts of utmost importance for the elasticity of the body and muscles. Dehydration and prolonged exercise can generate a pull.
How to avoid tears
Among the measures that should be taken so that such a lesion does not happen is talk about a general and specific heating of all muscles and joints. It is highly recommended not to execute complex techniques without having done active and passive flexibility exercises, so that the muscles are at their optimal level.
Immediate treatment
It is evident that the time required to treat this type of injury has decreased dramatically in the last ten years. The treatment is based on four basic RHCE components, for its acronym, rest, ice, compression and elevation. All of the utmost importance:
- Rest: in sports it has been proven again after the total immobilization of one arm or leg is not the best option for recovery. For an athlete, the best can be to do an activity that does not cause pain in the muscle, such as swimming. Every athlete who has an injury to this style must resort to rehabilitation but never leave mobility, since the muscles atrophy and lower volume and strength. This rather implies that the injury is not stressed, the work is not overloaded.
- Ice: times change and medicine progresses, it was previously recommended that the ice be put only from 24 to 48 hours after the lesion, today doctors recommend that the ice lasts around 7 days. The ice application should begin, immediately after the lesion and is more effective when used intermittently. It is recommended that the ice application be accompanied by a massage in the wound area. A tip that our Friends of MundotaEkwondo give us.com is that they freeze water in plastic vessels for coffee in this way you can massage in a simpler and without so many rodeos.
- Compression: Compression that is frequently denied by patients should not add pain to the patient. It should be done softly, and should be applied conveniently using simple elastic bands, patients should form a turniquete type, following too tight bands. This can be done together with the ice, keeping the elastic bands on ice.
- Elevation: This part of the RHCE is frequently forgotten or erroneous. The true hemodynamic elevation means raising the injured member at a height greater than the heart. Some athletes do the opposite since when the blood is lying, it does not flow correctly. Athletes should be taught to sit or go to bed so that the blood flow goes down.
Concussion
Bill shock is an injury caused by a blow to the head. A brain shock has several intensities and several degrees. Socking can leave or temporarily confused, it can cause memory loss or leave it totally unconscious. This generally occurs when a blow is produced on the head that causes the head to be shaken, pull, stretch, inflate or break the brain tissue and its delicate nerve fibers.A shock would be basically when the brain that floats freely inside the skull is holful with one of the walls of the same.
Many martial arts strictly prohibit the blows at the head or a helmet is used, as is the case of taekwondo, but in the end it is part of the risk that runs when entering a contact sport, if you are for something for something. It should be noted that taekwondo is not a very wild sport such as boxing or full contact where no helmet is used and the totally legal paste with blunt parts of the body in rival’s head.
Osteoarthritis
Arthrosis or articular degenerative disease, this happens when the articular cartilage is degenerated. Arthrosis is one most common lesions among taekwondines between 24 and 68 years, according to Olivé’s investigation 40% of practitioners suffer this injury. Parameters such as sex, age, age of start of activity, hours of practice and strong leg are no relevance. But the tendency of this injury is that it is generally generated in the support leg. The morning rigidity that is improving as the day is spending is one of the main signals. Some kicks are the ones that affect more this type of injury, a clear example of this is the circular kick to the stomach in which the hip is involved that is the joint where more damage is received.
Relationship between technique and injuries
Taekwondo is a sport that all techniques or at least eighty percent of them run with the legs. For the same reason, most injuries occur in the lower extremities. The main injuries occur when kicking, if you do not execute it with a good technique, it is most likely that, there is a serious knee injury, the abductor, in the pelvis and even in the column. To understand this we must know the mechanics of a kick that is divided into several stages.
The first would be the strength to kick, raising the foot from the floor and bending the knee. Second, the turn of the support, that is where the lesions of the column occur, since if you do not turn the support foot a very large resistance in the column, which eventually in the company of the force that it to itApplies to kicks, an irreparable injury can be made, an disc herniation that could end the career of that athlete. It does not necessarily have to be an adult, or an older person, children are also susceptible to this.
conclusion
In conclusion, taekwondo is a very beautiful sport, very traditional. While it is true that there are modalities that are not contact, an injury in them is also common. Injuries can happen to anyone, it is very important for all athletes to heat the muscle and joints well. The majority of the aforementioned lesions are produced by not making a good warming or simply for not having a warm -up prior to exercise. Most injuries could be avoided, but there are others that cannot or is very difficult, such as fractures is something that is not in our hands. Taekwondo is a sport for all people, since it helps with coordination, strength, self-control among many other values that help the formation of good people. I am very happy to be able to practice a sport that is not very common in Mexico and that is a sport of great international impact.
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