Surgical procedures in childbirth
Introduction
Childbirth is the culmination of pregnancy, where the expulsion of one (or more) mature fetuses and the placenta from inside the uterine cavity abroad are given;It is the end point after one of several months, which ends with the birth of a new individual, there is the beginning of extrauterine life and that is why it represents a moment of great importance not only from the medical point of view,but also psychosocial (Carvajal, Martinovic and Fernandez).
On the other hand, Arnau et al, states that the Federation of Midron Associations of Spain (FAME) contemplates normal birth as a unique physiological process with which the woman ends her term gestation, that is to say in normal time. The one that occurs between 37 and 42 weeks from the date of the last rule, there are involved both psychological and sociocultural factors, its beginning is spontaneous and direct where it develops and ends without complications, this process culminates with birth and does not imply moreintervention that comprehensive and respectful support of the same. (Quintana, Etxeandia, Rico, Armendariz and Fernández del Castillo).
Developing
The births can perform in different ways, there are some types of childbirth such as: normal delivery, instrumented vaginal delivery and caesarean section, normal birth as previously defined is one that occurs between 37 and 42 weeks, where theprocedure is carried out in a normal way and without some type of complications (Quintana, Etxeandia, Rico, Armendariz & Fernández del Castillo), on the other hand, the implemented vaginal delivery requires the presence of various instruments such as forceps, spatulas and / orsuctionase used during the expulsion process of the fetus;They are positioned on the fetal head and the presentation is obtained by traction of it by expanding the childbirth channel.
During this birth procedure, accompaniment must be favored, in turn, using oxytocin when the progression of childbirth is not adequate and being flexible in the time limit of expulsion if there is progression of childbirth (Center for Fetal and Neonatal Medicine of Barcelona,Sf) On the other hand, caesarean section as stated by Sarduy et al, is defined as “the surgical intervention consisting of the extraction of the fetus abdominally through an incision in the uterus”, within this contextWe can find different types of caesarean section according to the patient’s obstetric history, that is, if it is for the first time, if it is iterative or if it is previous;According to indications, that is, if it is urgent or if it is elective and according to surgical technique, that is, body or classic.
conclusion
By body segment or by arciform segment (Secretary of Health of Mexico) it is defined as “the surgical intervention that consists in the extraction of the fetus abdominally through an incision in the uterus”, within this context we can find different types ofcaesarean section according to the obstetric background of the patient, that is, if it is for the first time, if it is iterative or if it is previous;According to indications, that is, it is urgent or if it is elective and according to surgical technique, that is, body or classic, by body segment or by arciform segment (Secretary of Health of Mexico).
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