Skin cancer, common cancer
Introduction
Skin cancer is one of the most frequent, this is more prone in people who work outdoors or who are accustomed to sunbathing. People who have clear skin are the most suitable since they produce little melanin, which is the outer part of the skin (epidermis) and helps us protect ourselves from ultra violet rays, however this does not mean that in people of complexionDark it will not happen, it can also happen after having been exposed in ultraviolet rays.
Developing
Cancer is the name given to a set of related diseases, in all types of cancer some of the body’s cells begin to divide without stopping, and disseminated to surrounding tissues.
Cancer can start in almost anywhere in the body, which is formed of cell trillions, normally human cells, grow and divide, to form new cells as the body needs them.
However, in cancer, this orderly process is uncontrolled. As the cells become more and more abnormal, old or damaged cells survive when they should die, and new cells are formed when they are not necessary. Many cancers form solid tumors, which are masses of tissue. Blood cancers, such as leukemia, in general do not form solid tumors.
The cells that are in a normal state, in their replication process have receptors that work to help warn if the cell must follow their reproduction process or not. One of these processes by which the cell receives signals to stop reproducing is called "contact inhibition", which is the ability of a cell to feel changes around it and respond to those changes, and if for example this istouched by many cells stop reproducing because it is notified as there is a lot of cell reproduction in that same place.
At the time the cells begin to reproduce and produce mutations in the DNA replication process, it is when they begin to be cancerous, it is here when the cell begins to divide without some correct external signal, and they also stop displaying the inhibitionby contact and this part is when the cell begins to replicate in an uncontrolled way. Consequently, genes called "proto-oncogenes" begin to have problems, these genes are responsible for directing the normal growth of a normal cell, and when this damage occurs in these genes, the "oncogenes" occur, a mutation of theDamaged proto-awakens.
In the stage in which the genes that regulate cell growth and production are damaged and cells continue to multiply without control, a “neoplasm” occurs, which is a mass that develops due to the abnormal growth of a tissue. (4) Therefore, when there is already an anomalous growth of cells and there is this neoplasm a “metastasis” can occur, which is a migratory process of cancer cells through the vascular or lymphatic system.
Cancer has a close relationship with the cell cycle because this is produced when a cell begins to be divided uncontrollably, thus affecting the tissue in which it is presented, since this division causes the formation of tumors, that is to say an stacking of cells thatThey should not be in a fabric.
In general, it can be said that this occurs when a mutation occurs in some gene, in other words that in the replication of DNA has not “conjugated” correctly some of the nitrogen bases.
So it is said that cancer is a genetic disease, a consequence of an alteration of the hereditary material, but it is not always inherited. Most of the mutations involved in cancer development are mutations produced in somatic cells.
As for the causes of skin cancer: this occurs when there is a mutation in the DNA of skin cells, they produce that they grow out of control and form cancer. Cancer occurs in the last layer of the skin;The epidermis in which there are 3 types of cells
- Squamous cells: just below the outer surface and work for skin lining.
- Basal cells: those that produce new cells.
- Melanocytes: those that produce melanin to protect us from ultraviolet rays.
It is believed that there are some risk factors such as: clear skin, history of sunburn, too much sun exposure, sunny mole climate, radiation exposure.
There are 3 main types of skin cancer:
- Basal cell carcinoma
- Squamous cell carcinoma
- Melanoma
Melanoma in a type of cancer that occurs in the skin specifically in cells that produce skin pigment (meloncitos). They can start in normal leather or moles that already existed, in order to diagnose it, a biopsy must be performed. What happens is that since meloncitos produce the pigment in the skin, the sunlight causes more melanin to darken in the skin and this increases more the risk of creating a cancer.
Bibliography
- 1. Copyright. What is cancer (Internet site). National Cancer Institute. Available at: https: // www.cancer.GOV/. Access on February 9, 2015.
- two. CANCERQUEST. 2016 [cited February 28, 2019]. Available at: https: // www.CANCERQUEST.org/es/biologia-del-cancer/division-of-la-celula#2
- 3. National Cancer Institute. 2017 [cited February 28, 2019]. Available at: https: // www.cancer.GOV/SPANOL/PUBLICATIONS/DICTIONARY/DEF/PROTOONCOGEN
- 4. CANCERQUEST. 2016 [cited February 28, 2019]. Available at: https: // www.CANCERQUEST.Org/Index.PHP/ES/BIOLOGIA-DEL-CANCER/METASTASIS
- 5. Aguilar m. Cancer Genetics (Internet site). News medical genetics. Available at: https: // Magazine.com/. Access on January 30, 2019.
- 6. Leather cancer – Symptoms and Causes – May Clinic. (2018, June 13). Recovered June 20, 2019, from https: // www.Mayoclinic.Org/ES-ES/ESCOSES-CONTAns/Skin-Cancer/Symptoms-Causes/SYC-20377605
- 7. Introduction to skin cancer – skin disorders – MSD manual version for general public. (s.F.). Recovered June 20, 2019, from https: // www.msdmanuals.com/es -do/home/disorders-of-the-piers/c%c3%a1nceres-de-piel/introduci%c3%b3n-al-c%c3%a1ncer-de-piel
- 8. Melanoma – Skin Disorders – MSD Manual Version for General Public. (s.F.). Recovered June 20, 2019, from https: // www.msdmanuals.com/es-do/home/disorders-of-the-piers/c%c3%a1nceres-de-piel/melanoma
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