Political processes that have emerged in Latin America during the twentieth century
Political processes are a group of actions designated towards a purpose. Political life occurs within a dynamic process that occurs due to social interaction towards the search for common well -being. The representatives of the process are the people, acting individually or in groups, unions, church, political parties, which display their actions in successive steps, sometimes going and backing, through acts, works, projects or political programs, generally within thescope of the law, and adapting to external conditioning. Even assigning a thought that defines it as the ability of individuals of a society to form judgments, ideas and representations in their mind in relation to their present and their thinking rises the future in relation to politics. thus achieving the configuration of a state so that it is defined as the facts or factors and are reflected as a historical context. Due to the emergence of the State, it is related to the degree of development of other organization manifestations such as a nation, social classes, production relations etc. This is already modified. In this essay I will demonstrate how the political processes that have emerged in Latin America during the twentieth century have influenced the state configurations and political thought of national states?
In each region of the world in the twentieth century it has been generated differently. Since in Europe the last years had ruled the world economic and political order. In North America the United States spread during the 19th century as a new power. Political processes have been due to emancipation that is liberation regarding power, an authority. Because if this release had not existed every country in Latin America, they were tied to slavery, exploitation of resources, etc. This means that every country in Latin America such as Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Puerto Rico, Peru, Dominican Republic,Uruguay, have had changes that today is represented today, sometimes not completely release. As the hostility of the deep problem of organizing the new government, that is, creating new political institutions to replace those that Spain had imposed in its colonies.
Regarding the revolutions there were some countries that supported these revolutionary revolutions that means that they wanted to emancipate themselves, while others preferred to continue depending on Spain. "The war of all against all: all men share equally an insatiable thirst for power and wealth, which, being scarce, face them in a conflict that finally leads to death" (Hobbes, 1558-1679) generated strongconflicts between both perspectives. It is also where the social actor who is defined as a group of people who have common needs and conveniences enters. These decide to organize to carry out actions and fight, on the political level, with the aim of achieving those interests. A brief history about the Mexican Revolution, the Mexican Revolution was a process of importance and transcendence that marked a milestone in Mexican, Latin American and world history.
This revolution was a agrarian, since the agrarian problem was the main foundation that the claim was based. The ideology of Mexican ideology based on the revolution impacted prestigious left -wing nations, where the leftist nations acquired this thought and thus develop strategies for the construction of more just and egalitarian societies. The transformed revolution was not a true revolution but a "great rebellion", or a mere mutiny. "According to Ruiz, the revolution modernizes capitalism, but in no way transform society, its main interests were politicians". Hence the revolutionary process, the agrarian process, is full of highlights of conflicts, violence, resistance and factionalism. Finally, revisionism tends to homogenize the modern history of Mexico, while affirms the country’s infinite geographical variety.
I think many aspects of life are random. Sometimes people think that history depends on the plans and the heroes that are projecting the future of the country. But I think that in many cases there is what economists call "unforeseen consequences": there is a plan or project, but what results is very different. That does not mean that there are no structures in history;I think it is very important to try to understand some logic and understand why a revolution is comparable to other revolutions. You have to make an analysis and comparison effort, but putting themselves in the position of the actors;They sometimes did not have much idea of where they were going, what would be the future, and made their decisions in the middle of the revolution.
In the twentieth century, the state form, and very much in relation to the capitalist state, is extended to everyone. Especially in the second half of the century when they attacked countless new states after the end of European colonial domain. At the end of this century, the plan of the States therefore has a specific perspective of current global capitalism, which had not occurred in its other historical reviews. But this standard of states is a permanently hierarchical system, although in constant circulation due to the intense competence between them, so that the State does not rise, or manages to maintain, it falls. Although at times the states collaborate with each other, in turn hierarchized. They seek better to resist that competition and reach positions more outstandingly, in the global state hierarchy. The state that is expanding worldwide is the nation-state that is a political organization within in territory, began to develop in the nineteenth century, but culminated in the first decades of the twentieth century in the central spaces, acting as an active active agentof its societies, and later this form of state to the lateral territories after its independence. In the twentieth century, events have been seen, achieving changes in state structures, the characteristics of this global crisis, and how this crisis, the future energy inclination and the civilizational collapse that is approaching the State will harm the State. One of the main missions of the State is to guarantee the grouping of capital and social reproduction, as well as deal with the conflictive relationship between both logics, since the market cannot function on its own. "The development of human societies has made political power become" (Weber).
The market for daily management depends on the State and society, especially on all the unpaid work that occurs in the domestic sphere, mainly made by women and the ability to appropriate and use natural resources and sinks. On the other hand, rigidly bureaucratic organizational structures are carried out that is the set of movements and procedures that must be followed to resolve an administrative matter., Not only within the State itself, but also in the large companies of this period of progressive predominance of monopoly capitalism and the interimperialist struggle for the control of colonial spaces. As Weber tells us, true iron cages, extremely separated and hierarchized, could also become a psychological home, which conferred a certain strength and professional position of short -term workers to the workers. The Weberian pyramid became the reality that dominated castes organized in the last third of the twentieth century, necessary to process difficult activities that required the management of increasing amounts of information. Even the welfare state would also adopt, later, the form of a bureaucratic pyramid. In this way, Weber is not surprised that in the first half of the twentieth century there would.
For a long time there has been a statement between America, prosperous and democratic, and Latin America, less developed and subject to the frequent alternation of civil governments and military dictatorships. At the end of the seventies, only five Latin American countries had a democratic system and human rights violations were frequent in many places. There were great economic difficulties in the 1980s, in which the Latin American team, attacked by foreign debt, had a growth in production less than that of the population. But, since 1979, a democratizing wave began and in recent years economic growth has gained vigor.
In the first half of the twentieth century, the “national” dimension of many of the states in Latin America will be strengthened, through revolutionary processes, cases of Mexico 1910 or Bolivia 1952, or through strong mobilizations and institutional ruptures,Perón case in Argentina 1945. In all these cases, the diverse movements that promoted them sought greater independence from the central countries, and specifically from the US, as a new neocolonial power south of the Río Grande Mexico, an improvement of living conditions, a reinforcement as a state-nation and modernization of their societies. Even in Mexico, whose revolution was piloted by peasant movements and by access to land ownership, in parallel to the agrarian reform a strong industrialization is undertaken.
After political processes and state configurations in each country in Latin America. It results in political thoughts, the process of thought, begins with the introduction of the predominant currents in Spain of the time of the conquest, within the framework of the official political and ecclesiastical system of education and with the main purpose of training the subjectsof the New World, according to the ideas and values sanctioned by the State and the Church, are introduced in America and spread through our countries those doctrines that harmonize with the purposes of the conquest and the colony. In this way, Latin American from its origins plays a vital issue for its existence in its philosophy, marking the political and not merely speculative character of its reflection. The aforementioned problems are, philosophical-theological meditations around the humanity of the Indian, to the right to make war on aborigines and the just title to dominate America. Philosophy begins, then, in America with a controversy about the essence of the human and the relationship that this essence could have with the rare inhabitants of the discovered continent, conquered and colonized. Hard problem that today would embarrass any thinker, however, real situation that marked the way of conducting society in its legal context, and while such, political philosophy that laid the foundations for the coexistence of the inhabitants of America. At least in its first period, the controversy between the houses that is a particular way of social stratification to which it belongs only through birth and is characterized by having a solid, rigid and motionless system, the conquerors freely mixed their blood with thoseto which humanity was being denied, and it should be said, that they did not only to enunt themselves, but also, to form a family and with it, give birth to the Latin American people. "Only in society can the human being obtain all the necessary resources to live and be happy" (Aristotels).
The structuring of political ideas in Latin America is nothing other than finding the identity and originality of political processes. Traditionally it has been investigated about the influences of European ideas in Latin American thinkers and men. Undoubted that liberalism in the wars of independence, positivism-in the formation of agrominero-export oligarchic states, and anarchist and socialist ideas in the social struggles of the twentieth century. They have exercised particular gravitation in Latin American political discourse. The approach of a possible dilemma in the methodology of Latin American political action, to produce the changes that the situations of poverty. defined as stages of the historical future, defined by a certain level of development of the productive forces and a particular form of production relations. The reform or revolution, also occupied much of political reflection in recent decades. The only solid path is a political thought of integration that aims to materialize an industrial continental state.
conclusion
The social reality in which the political process is developed is seen as formed by a scale of positions from higher than lower, both in capitalist societies and in those characterized by the state property of the means of production. There are various criteria to judge the superior or lower in this pyramid, and they depend in part of the state of opinion. But this is very limited by the restrictions imposed by the division of labor, and by private property when she exists in. One of the status’s components is the economic level, which should be indicated separately, due to its importance. After the political processes are configured states can be from any field: social, cultural and political in each country in Latin America. Because of this, he leaves countless thoughts one of them the most important capitalist thought. “Capitalism is an economic system, where capital prevails over work and is the basis of wealth. Within this regime private property and free trade are two elementary bases ”.
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