Pinochet’s social policy and its influence on Chile’s aesthetic coup between 1973-1975
The country of Chile presents the dictatorship of the Chilean general and politicthe objective that the Military Board assumed control of the country and overthrow the popular unit considered the population with Marxist ideals. When such a mission is fulfilled, the search to impose the new regime is carried out, somehow influencing the aesthetic blow so that the change and the variation in the routine of the citizens are given. One of the main ways of raising the expansion and acceptance of the new mandate was to force popular unity to eliminate its other ideologies and opinions, developing such an objective through aggressions and attacks, which generated popular discontent.
The new regime to frame the aesthetic coup that caused in society, carried out a large number of actions;Those that arose sudden. Since "although the Chilean State was progressively paying attention and promoting some general policies that impacted the youth world, these were not specific, nor were they articulated in an active and focused institutionalized organicized organic" (Yanko, 2015) the modality of the regime is affirmeddictatorial and the way that the integration of the popular unit was raised, although the planning did not include the necessary regulation that would be used with the youth group, these aspects would achieve confusion and generality. Therefore, the regime demonstrated youth support, but without any size, which was presented to the people without institutional standards or framing.
[Bookmark: _gjdgxs] Pinochet had the main objective of eliminating leftist thinking, it can be said, it was completely strict in the parameters that are considered incorrect and were against the dictatorship, when studying the aesthetic aspects one of the reasons is mentioned By which there was a break in these, Gazmuri, (1999) mentions that the military had in their culture the “hierarchy and order, quite the opposite of what Chile had shown in the last decade” it is added that the military needed the military Revecha against politicians since "it was reproached, not without reason, having contributed to precipitating the crisis, became an attack against the democratic system" the main desire was to blame the previous regime demonstrating that it could through the dictatorship raising the economy in the one that were, in order for the Popular Unity to forge a new thought and support the dictatorship more, after after the first year a change in Chile’s economy. So that the dictatorship every time something changed in the system advanced and generated greater support from the population, achieving the aesthetic coup when an economic change was recreated.
The aesthetic blow that occurred in the dictatorsThey proposed, Garretón mentions that:
“The coup d’etat of 1973 and the consequent military dictatorship ended dramatically with illusions and interrupted a long and complex process of institutionalization of sociology in Chile (…) First, it meant the almost complete dismantling of the university platforms of the sciences of the sciencesSocial (…) Second, the creation and consolidation of a new extrauniversity area of intellectual and professional exercise for sociologists (2005).
In other words, despite experiencing the country, there were some consequences, part of them were the injustice and political violence for social science students, which occurred the military coup generated an imbalance in information and the curriculum due toThe academic disappearance of areas of study, in addition to the burning of books, which would limit the young university students. So the study time in social careers was extended and consequently had to analyze the development of a new society, which would also be considered the aesthetic coup in education.
The dictatorship exposes the aesthetic blow in different ways between them, there is the changes that art suffered that “it is the only space of social emancipation, but the post -structuralist codes that influence artists are sophisticated and, although the artist is the only possessorof legitimate communication tools, battle only to develop social changes and resist the dictatorship.”(Soto, 2016) In other words, art had to adapt to the changes that the dictatorship proclaims, prohibiting elements that were explicitly against Pinochet and the forms of manifestation were reduced, however they continued because art would be considered a form ofdemonstration despite the danger of punishment. In sum, art demonstrated the aesthetic blow to adapt and generate resistance to dictatorship standards.
However, the Military Junt
"Dictatorship practices that demonstrate this symbolic violence, destruction of the Marxist legacy, actions framed in the context of" cleaning and cutting operations "are addressed, whose fundamental purpose was to dismantle the socio-political-cultural project of the popular unity of the popular unity of the popular unit. In the second, restoration campaign, we will refer to various initiatives implemented by the military regime, aimed at the recovery of cultural heritage and the claim of “Chilenity” with a nationalist purpose.”(2008)
At the rate of this, the segments that somehow justified the actions taken by the new regime with the people, despite not being specific, the two main points that expressed the hierarchy of the people. So the way that the aesthetic blow with the people shows the clear and most described objectives is evidenced.
When analyzing the economic context and the effect that it formulated in the people, it shows that a regime does not necessarily have to be dictatorial or military so that the economic system of a country can be changed because one of the good factors was considered in the regime in the regimeThat it was the resurgence of the crisis, it is mentioned that "it is not that the dictatorship does not do politics, it is more, criticizes and" demon "politics, but at the same time it makes its own policy, but with an economic language.”(Monsálvez, 2012) that is, the increase in the economy generates greater acceptance and politics goes to the background. Namely that most military blows occur when there is a crisis, it is the most significant in politics that the new leaders began to carry, remembering that the coup occurred in the Palace of La Moneda. Thought is demonstrated where a correct administration would encourage the conformity of the people, that is, at the economic level the aesthetic aspect with the dictatorship was greatly favored.
Although a number of students had difficulties, the acceptance of another segment of young people to the dictatorship was also shown, which were participating and respected mandates such as personal presentation, and eliminating the cultural aspect that had left popular unity. “Such is the case of sectors of young university students and students from some private schools, who are extolled by the press given their initiative to improve the city’s environment: legions of young people leave every morning to all sectors of the city with brushesand lime jars ”(Errázuriz, 2008) is observed that there were young people who, when painting the city, complied with the mandates established by the State, which would represent support for the dictatorship, however the intervention of the media was handled by Pinochetresulting in control over visual and sound influence for young people. The aesthetic coup is demonstrated in the alteration of the influence of the press so that young people give examples and generate support for the dictatorship.
It can be concluded that the military coup that Pinochet made greatly affected the aesthetic coup of the Chilean population, due to the great changes that had to happen, in the economic, social, artistic cultural aspect, and education. Around the investigation it is observed that there were aspects that manipulated the thought of society, where those against them had to necessarily accept the Pinochet system, due to the fear of military or intelligence reprisals. Chile as a country during the first two years had to resign himself to obey his greatest leader, so that the aesthetic blow was more noticeable and the popular unity also reduced the power he had found with Allende.
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