Philosophy and Reason
Introduction
Its central problem is found in faith and reason, where philosophers for this time believed only in reason, in what could be demonstrated, that it could be seen and it was true. On the other hand there are the theologians of the Catholic Church, who believed more in faith and took it as a starting point, to reach a conclusion through reason, they also considered that the Bible was the only reason.
Developing
The discussion begins when it is said that faith and reason are not contradicted but that on the contrary it is lack of reconciling and complementing, but it is so difficult, since faith is to accept what is said, God believe the world, God believeanimals and therefore God is the creator of everything. In reason it is not to accept, in reason the knowledge already acquired predominate and really believe that today there are theories that demonstrate the origin of the universe, of matter, proven theories that over the years should not be in doubt. Thoughts as long as this was that faith approached human beings to salvation, to have a full and happy life, have purification in the soul.
Somehow if they complement each other, because it was said that reason was the way to reach God, that is, it was reached through reason and knowledge, reason helped to link the premises of religion in truths and falsehoodswho approach God’s path. In a nutshell, the recapitulation that faith and reason can be obtained can be obtained if they are to help, only that the medieval era predominated and it was more important than reason, since it was limited.
To start talking about San Agustín and Santo Tomás we must know that both wanted to achieve and believed in little similar things. Aquino becomes Christianity. It is true that full life can be achieved through faith that through it can an answer to the meaning of life, but for St. Augustine it was not enough to believe, but they needed to understand, it had two other conclusions that they putIn doubt to faith.
As said above, faith to be understood in its minimum totality needs reason and once again it is needed when the human being tries to seek the truth of something and there is using reason. To conclude, reason helps us to find truth and understand the truths that God has revealed to humanity. So faith and reason are necessary for him,
From another point of view, Saint Thomas tries to integrate Aristotle’s philosophy into Christian thought, to begin with he is against two truths and has the idea that faith and reason are two ways of different knowledge. The reason here seeks to obtain the truth to where the human being can get to know it, on the other hand faith seeks fullness, salvation showing the path to God. These two give us aspects that are not similar, but they are not contradictory. Faith and reason have some truths in common, by faith we can know that God exists, but for the reason in the same way it can be demonstrated.
Determining that scholasticism was an academic movement, that its purpose was to discuss religious arguments with rational evidence, universities were also developed and the rhetorical techniques were refined. It is said that it was a dark period, but it had its important events such as the foundation of great universities such as Oxford and Cambridge. It should be clarified that the scholastic method is a pedagogical method.
The importance comes when theology and philosophy are separated, but still philosophy continues to depend on theology and was based on the combination between faith and reason, where reason had inferiority of faith and God was sources of both, soThey could not contradict. Scholasticism always prevailed that the teaching of faith from God was more truthful and certainty than reason.
Aristotle had an important role here, since his philosophical vocabulary was a very predominant method in scholasticism as well as the good use of logic. Here Santo Tomás established a balance between these two. There was a concern and it was to integrate the knowledge they already had separate with Christian reasoning and revelation.
conclusion
Even what is today, our knowledge is not true in the face of the existence of God, but this does not mean that his presence or reality is not demonstrable, since it has been throughout the history of thought. In faith the rational demonstration reaches the knowledge of a truth through others that are already known, things can also be known, we can achieve the existence of God as the supreme cause of everything when it surrounds us. The rational knowledge of God’s existence may not be perfect or insufficient, but it is not for that reason invalid or impossible.
To end I think that in some way faith and reason are needed from each other, the human being needs to believe in something, he needs, as several times mention, a full life and that he approaches salvation. Faith is needed to be able to believe what through reason it was known, therefore reason is needed for some truths put by God.
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