Peru, blurred poverty as a problem in its population
For many poverty is considered as an "epidemic" in the world, because it affects millions of people. In the orb there are 1,400 million inhabitants who suffer from extreme poverty, men, women and children suffering from hunger and malnutrition and living in exclusion and discrimination environments;conditions that are not alien in Peru.
Poverty, although it is true, is mainly measured by the per capita income line, this not only affects what you have monetarily, but to promptly condition social and human development aspects, generating the postponement, exclusion and discrimination thatToday as yesterday they are observed in a non -egalitarian society.
Conceptualizing. Poverty is the condition of deprivation and absence of opportunities for families and communities to the goods and services of society, this involves material aspects (basic needs) and non -material. All this is measured in economic and income terms, using as a parameter the level of per capita income of the home, which is nothing but estimate the monetary value that would have a basic consumption basket.
In Peru, the level of poverty is fluctuating and this is closely linked to the economic growth that the country reaches and also, although on a smaller scale, to the effectiveness of social programs.
According to the report “Evolution of Monetary Poverty 2007-2018” of the National Institute of Statistics and Informatics (INEI), at the end of the year 2018, 20.5% of the country’s population – which is equivalent in absolute figures to 6 million 593 thousand people – were in poverty, that is, they had a lower expenditure level to the cost of the basic consumption basket composed of food and not food.
The 2018 poverty rate reflected a decrease of 1.2 percentage points compared to the result in 2017. With this, some 313 thousand people left this condition last year.
However, an opposite event was recorded in 2017, when poverty "increased" 20.7% to 21.7% and that, many will ask, what does this situation respond or because it is fluctuating?.
For the Arequipa Economist and Rector of La Salle University, Patricio Quintanilla Paulet, the economic condition of the population has a close relationship with the growth of the country in terms of investment and monetary. Because an economy in recession will undoubtedly affect the well -being of the population, especially those with low resources.
It details that poverty in 2017 grew due to the retraction that Peru suffered as a result of the problems arising with Odebrech and corruption, as also influenced the nefarious events caused by natural disasters and without ceasing to mention the little or nothing investment thatmakes the State due to lack of public management, rather than for lack of money.
It also realizes that poverty will always be a fluctuating phenomenon and dependent on how the national economy is handled, rather than the income that a person can generate.
It is so, he warns, that if the country achieves economic growth above 3.5%, this will result in the welfare and the condition of the population, but if this level is lower than this percentage, then, undoubtedly, the number of people in poverty will increase.
Currently, poverty in the country is subject to 70% to economic growth and in 30% to social programs, which in recent years have had a substantial weight in the life and human development of thousands of Peruvians.
With regard to social programs, there are two modalities, one the welfare, “together” case, “glass of milk” and “pension 65”, which immediately act “turning fires” and helping to survive thousands of people, and there are also sustainable programs such as “Scholarship 18”, whose results are long term and that they should be a model for the population to take another attitude and look for their own well -being, based on their work and effort.
For the sociologist, Jorge Luis Vargas Gutiérrez, former president of the Table to Fight Poverty, the policies implemented by the indistinct governments, are never expressly oriented to change the condition of poverty of the population, but to incorporate only political actions of a political natureand immediate and short -term solution, when working with methodologies that revert actions with solid results and supported over time.
Moreover, it realizes that social programs are unfortunately used, because most of the resources they use are aimed at their operation, that is, in salaries for thousands of workers, mobility, displacements, when they should be oriented onlyTo help those who truly need them.
Conclusions
- Poverty is a problem that will always affect the population of lower economic resources, generating not only inequality in monetary issues, but also inclusion and little human development.
- Economic growth is decisive for poverty levels to be reduced, so it is vital.
- Investment in people. Expenditure on social programs decreased. In 2016 a 2 was allocated.8% of the gross internal product to social protection and forecast, while in 2018, it was reduced in 2.7%.
- Education, an important factor for personal growth, is not developed in all its capacity and much less is prioritized, so that the equivalent of 4 is invested.3% of GDP, when the minimum goal is 6%, as established in the National Agreement. An educated population is a population with greater capacity for development and growth.
- Finally, decent employment, lacking that it still persists, shows this is the growth of informality, which from the hand with the economic slowdown, generated by social conflicts and complaints of corruption, generate inappropriate policies that do not reverse poverty rates.
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