Partial 2 – World Economic History
Introduction.
In the Middle Ages great technological advances were made which facilitated and improved agricultural production. According to; Freddy Ricardo Saavedra Medina: Good summary, but how is it connected to the Rev. Industrial? In this case, it was about relating two distant events on each other. This is achieved by analyzing the entire chain of events that had to happen from the low Middle Ages to the Industrial Revolution.
Developing.
Remember that: • The innovations of the eleventh century increase production and parallel to this there was greater freedom of the vassals, since Eastern Europe was colonizing, which made lands to a higher provision and made labor more scarce. • Following the above, the peasants were able to aspire to own their production surpluses and even land owners.• This surplus production was sold in urban areas. Even some are more profitable to establish themselves in cities, so there is a greater urban dynamism and the Burgos are configured.• Within the Burgos (urban areas) different trades arise that meet under the famous guilds.• The emergence of guilds influences that textile production is done in rural areas (by excessive regulations). This generates a series of innovations (towards the fifteenth – XVI century) within which the water mill for the production of spinning and mechanical hosts stands out. • In addition, textile production in first rural manufacturing systems meets.• To round everything, there is an intermediary between the rural and urban that will be key to the previous two steps. The Mercader manufacturer. Here we are talking about proto industrialization and this is already a step before industrialization.
The ox was changed to the horse as a shooting animal and because of this the use of the horseshoe and the creation of the collera was implemented, this allowed the horse to pull very large loads easily, thus increasing the efficiency of land transport and the trade. Roads were also improved to increase commercial opportunities in rural communities.
On the other hand, the triennial rotation in fertile lands was implemented, each of the parts of the earth was rotating for greater efficiency of crops, thus increasing agricultural production and making it diversify. The implementation of wheel plow allowed the crops to be deeper, since the extraction of land was carried out more easily.
Champagne fairs were fairs/markets I know what they made, under the protection of Champagne counts, constantly and cyclically for commercial meetings (sale and barter), these usually lasted three to six weeks. In these fairs, singular textile products and goods were sold from the East.
These fairs had their origin as small fairs of local goods which were expanded and becoming an important part of history and economy. They were located in cities that had formerly been land trade routes. The United Provinces of the Netherlands had obtained their commercial superiority due to their “business-bay”, which were businesses among the Dutch ports with other ports of the North Sea, the Baltic (they brought wood, grain and naval supplies), the Gulf from Vizcaya (they brought manufactured goods, mainly tissues and herring) and the Mediterranean.
It also occupied an important place in its economy, because it had a high demand throughout Europe (by the German rivers, the Mediterranean, the Baltic, France and England). His agriculture was low, therefore they specialized in the production of produced goods such as cheese, butter and industrial crops.
After the taking of Constantinople (1453), the Ottoman Empire became the greatest world power, since they controlled trade in the Indian Ocean and between the East and West. This genre that would be cut and several of the routes of Europe to Asia were lost, generating shortage of many basic products, this promotion the search for new maritime trade routes, due to which the discovery of America was given.
After the conquest, all the conquered regions continued with the economic activities they carried out before the conquest of them, thus maintaining their economy, a relatively fair tax system was also maintained to finance bureaucratic and government expenses. With the above, the end of the Middle Ages was marked and the beginning of the Modern Age.
conclusion.
With the fall of the Empire there were great changes such as political instability, social crises and strong economic crises (tax, unemployment and shortages). Likewise, a high number of inhabitants left their homes in rural areas to move to cities in search of better job and life opportunities. During this time the Roman Empire was divided into the East and West, their cultures were also separated and had different types of emperors. This is a time of great changes at the cultural, religious, economic and social level.
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