Multiculturalism, races religious beliefs, political and languages
Introduction.
Around 7 inhabit the planet.550 million people, with different races, religious beliefs, policies, languages, different economic strata, in short there is diversity of cultures, which converge within the same society, and make up or are part of a citizen context; Term that many times and throughout history has been exclusive, such is the case of the Athenian society in the ancient age, in which there was talk of citizens only for the children of born in Athens; but not for the so -called outsiders.
Today the term citizenship is more related to belonging to a community. In which multiplicity of differences coexist, which must begin to recognize so that this citizenship also becomes interculturality, especially in a humanity that is characterized by prioritizing economic and political aspects, before cultural and educational.
Developing
Society expands and grows, but that growth is based on an old and corrupted structure, leaving aside the value of the other, recognizing that we are different and we have skills and abilities that do not necessarily have to be the same, but rather than They are complemented to create and improve our society, for this it is necessary as Téllez (1998), an abandonment of yoification, proposes, and that spaces are generated so that the other is seen as an active participant in society.
With own characteristics and capable of creating ideas as useful as personal or as those of the dominant masses, trying to privilege the so -called common good, but forgetting the particularities. Many times it is banalized and discredited, turning multiculturalism into an antonym. In other words.
On the other hand, if in today’s society there is talk of multiculturalism, of recognition of the other, of respect for the difference, of highlighting the diverse, then what really is the problem that is taking place with the multicultural? This is an answer that would have several aspects to consider, including citizens accept the multicultural ends up imposing its culture.
And if you talk about exclusion, you can’t talk about citizenship, and you can only learn to be a citizen if you are educated in citizens. That is why even though it is recognized, and there are norms that regulate and demand it, this falls short in reality, where we can appreciate that racism, xenophobia, economic and political discrimination are agents that coexist in current collectivities And that in one way or another ethnocentrism remains a dominant problem in the nineteenth century. And that overcoming it would give life to the multiculturalism that is lived to cities.
Especially if all the migratory processes that have occurred and continue to occur today, where for different political, economic reasons, violence have increased significantly, generating increasingly diverse cities, where everything converge class of cultural forms that must or try to survive one in the middle of the other.
This is how these concepts must be rethink; With open approaches that give heterogeneity and differences, recognizing multiple identities. And that in this way a new concept of citizen arises, that recognizes the rights of all equally, recognizing each and every member to integrate into a common project, which favors a social transformation.
Being here where the role of education becomes fundamental, because true intercultural citizenship needs an educational system that integrates the different groups, and that not only are recognized or mentioned in classes such as social sciences or humanities, but rather that it is a commitment of each and every one of the actors within the education system.
But this is something that is not yet achieved, there is no true intercultural education although there are norms and laws that regulate it; It ends within class classrooms favoring and recognizing the preponderant and more common, such as classroom classrooms with indigenous population, room or Afro -descendant, but they are usually linked to the customs and traditions of the white population or mestizo, running the risk of extinction of our ethnic plurality.
But what should be done in education so that this extinction of plurality is not given and multiculturalism is respected? Several conceptions and practices would be necessary to change within the educational system, such as a change within the teaching and learning, attitude and values processes. Where they work with teachers, teachers and educational policies aimed at generating modifications in the way of conceiving education.
As for teachers, you must then start from a change in the mentality, where a self-analysis is done and I know a look from different perspectives that allow to convey a message that fosters and reflects in context intercultural processes of acceptance and respect for the on the other, not wanting to impose his own vision of things.
On the other hand, changes must also be given within curricula, in educational systems, in educational policies, in the language used, in the objectives of the teaching -learning process; In order to achieve comprehensive processes that involve all actors within the educational process and that a commitment from each one of creating a dialogue of cultures is promoted, where ethnocentrism is definitively overcome, taught and inherited since the time of the time of the Conquest, where it was taught that there is always a dominant or preponderant group that imposes its cultural forms and discards those that it considers lower or different. Changing the role of school, to recognize the right to be different.
And for this it is not enough to include new content, but to conceive a new teaching – learning process. Referring to the fact that it is not enough to speak in classes of other cultures and what multiculturalism means, but also to raise awareness and bring to context the need and importance of learning from differences and how to enrich our own culture through respect for others, especially today where children and young people are continuously bombarded with a large amount of information, due to the use of social networks and other media, which are often used to deculture and impose the same way of seeing the world forgiving many times the own or the local. Generating in schools the so -called bullying or matoneo, precisely for not giving value to differences.
conclusion
But to achieve changes, the participation of the State and its educational policies are also needed, stop seeing education in terms of spending, and in terms of how to improve the PISA tests, which by the way do not recognize that multiculturalism we are talking about , being standardized tests that leave aside the contexts and different conceptions or particularities of students. And rather to think about education as a form of social interaction, in which children and young people have the opportunity to enrich their knowledge, but also their culture and learn to value that of others.
In general terms, it can then be said that a society must foster a multicultural -based citizenship, respecting differences and promoting them, not to say that one is better than the other, but quite the opposite to generate a community and equal dialogue. And education is the most appropriate tool to make this happen.
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