Models of Total Quality Management Systems ISO Standards
Introduction.
They are a set of rules that seek to order the management of a company in an integral way. They were established by the International Standardization Agency (ISO), with the initial purpose of standardizing quality requirements for European countries within the common market and for those who wanted to do business with those countries.
In other words, it is understood that the main mission of the ISO is that the variety of existing companies apply a quality system that leads to guaranteeing the satisfaction of its consumers, that is why, it proposed to unify quality management standards,homogenizing evaluation criteria and quality parameters on the products and services offered to the public.
Developing.
This set of rules is growing over the years. Given this arises the need to group them and classify them. For this task they have been consigned in families or also called series. These have a classification nomenclature. One of these families is the ISO 9000 series.
Within this family of norms are ISO 9000, ISO 9001 and ISO 9004, all of them aimed at the same objective. Sirvent et al., Indicates that ISO standardized standards quality management systems, providing a consolidated basis for action in relation to international quality management, with the usual advantages for organizations that decide their application. The latest current version of this standard is that of 2015.
ISO 9000
It is one that helps to understand philosophy and gives a consistent panorama about the quality management system. In this standard, key terms, definitions, fundamental concepts are presented. This standard focuses on all the elements of [the] quality administration with which a company must count to have an effective system that allows it to manage and improve the quality of its products or services.
Rather, ISO 9001 contains the basic requirements for the application of the system, providing a set of guidelines that will help entities in monitoring the quality process, regardless of the size or item to which they are dedicated. In addition, these rules are flexible, since they can be adapted to any management system.
The organization of this standard leads companies to work from the analysis of their context to the evaluation and improvement of the system. In this ISO we find the seven principles of quality management that companies must follow to guarantee, to their customers, the quality of the good or service that is offering.
The seven principles of quality management.
- Customer focus
- Leadership
- People’s commitment
- Process approach
- Evidence -based decision making
- Gets better
- Relationship management
The advanced management standard is the least known. It gives guidance to obtain and the scope of success in the system, that is, it exposes the way in which companies must plan a quality management system that is more productive (Medina et al., 2017, p.63), therefore, it is understood that companies must seek to constantly improve all areas. ISO 9004 is mainly addressed to those entities that already have their quality management system correctly and established.
This model was proposed by the European Foundation for Quality Management (EFQM), which is a non -profit association that was created in 1988 by 14 European companies specialized in services and industry. At present, there are more than 700 participants.The EFQM model is a tool that serves that companies can be better known, that is, to self-assess, through a systematic diagnosis applied in all departments or areas that constitute the entity, and from it elaborate an action plan that helps to improveIts operation, since that, is the objective of this model par excellence, which, in addition, is applicable to any type of company, regardless of the sector that are dedicated.
Conclusions.
The model is composed of a non-recital framework based on nine criteria that allow organizations leaders to understand the cause and effect between what the organization does and the results it achieves. Of the nine criteria, five are "enablers" and four are "results". This model is flexible and can be applied to small or large organizations of both the public and private sector, under the premise: the excellent results regarding the performance of the organization, customers, human capital and society are achieved throughof a leadership that directs and promotes politics and strategy, the people of the organization, alliances, resources and processes.
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