Magnetic levitation: Disease evaluation
Introduction
MRI. No ionizing radiation (X -rays) is used. Magnetic resonance images (IRM) are called Cortes. They can be stored on a computer or print in a movie. An exam produces dozens or sometimes hundreds of images. There are currently more than 1500,000 people affected by neurodegenerative pathologies in Spain.
Objectives
- Evaluate functional connectivity based on functional magnetic resonance images in a state of rest in older adults as a possible biomarker for Alzheimer’s disease.
Developing
Neurodegenerative diseases affect several activities that the body performs, such as balance, movement, speaking, breathing and functions of the heart. Many of these diseases are genetic. The causes can be alcoholism, a tumor or a stroke (stroke). Other causes include toxins, chemicals and viruses. Other times, the causes are unknown.
Some neurodegenerative diseases are Alzheimer. Neurodegenerative diseases can be serious or put life in danger. It depends on the type. Most of them have no cure. Treatment can help improve symptoms, relieve pain and increase mobility.
A bibliographic review has been carried out in various databases, using as descriptors the keywords mentioned. Different databases, internet searches were consulted, as well as open access magazines and scientific research magazines.
The magnetic resonances of the head are performed at the hospital or in a radiology center. The patient will bed on a table, which slides inside a large scanner similar to a tunnel. Some magnetic resonance exams require a special dye, called contrast medium. The dye is usually administered during the exam through a vein (IV) in the hand or forearm. This contrast medium helps the radiologist to observe more clearly certain areas.
During the magnetic resonance, the person operating the machine watches it from another room. The exam almost always lasts 30 to 60 minutes, but it can take longer. Magnetic resonance does not use radiation. To date, no side effects have been informed due to magnetic fields and radio waves.
The type of contrast medium (dye) used is gadolinio. It’s very safe. Allergic reactions rarely occur to this substance. However, it can be harmful for patients with kidney problems that require dialysis. The strong magnetic fields that are created during a magnetic resonance can cause cardiac pacemakers and other implants not work as well. They can also cause other pieces of metal inside the body to move or change position.
RM images of real patients, both healthy and affected by Alzheimer’s, were obtained from the ADNI database. ADNI has a large number of medical images of American and volunteer patients. All patients used are between 60 and 80 years old, with a habitual weight between 50 and 90 kg.
Five brain images with Alzheimer’s and five healthy brains were used. Clinical data postulates that a healthy brain has an average volume of about 1260 cubic cm, and a weight of about 1.5 kg, while one with Alzheimer.9 kg. These data are the starting point of the proposed algorithm.
Using imagej® and the aforementioned added, you can measure the volumetric capacity of the brain. The selection tool was used to identify the regions of interest of the human brain. According to clinical data, it is only necessary to measure brain tissue, not including water or other substances.
This process was carried out manually layer by cape for the total RM image. To improve the accuracy and speed of the analysis, and to reduce its complexity, you can add the study of brain ventricles. In a typical brain affected by Alzheimer’s ventricles suffer an increase in volume due to the loss of matter.
conclusion
The relevance of the medical image for research and innovation in neurodegenerative pathologies is increasing. Among them, Parkinson, multiple lateral sclerosis or Alzheimer’s sclerosis can be mentioned as more relevant. The accurate diagnosis of these diseases has certain difficulties carry. Magnetic resonance is postulated as a key tool in advanced diagnosis of this type of pathologies.
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