Information theory
Introduction
The so -called information theory is also called "Mathematical Theory of Communication" or "Mathematical Information Theory", Shannon and Weaver wrote this theory in the 50s. To understand the information theory, the concept of information is first analyzed or understood. López affirmed in 2010 that to understand this concept we must go back to the 21st century where for the first time the information began to have notoriety thanks to the Enlightenment, Renaissance among other important events in history.
But, it is not until the industrial revolution occurred where that time began to be called "the information society" because wealth was no longer due to the possession of goods but for the possession of enough information. Thanks to the aforementioned we can discern that the concept "information" is from ancient times to date (contributions to science, social or philosophical discussions, etc.). The information is even in the biggest or the most tiny, consequently, it has not been possible to get a single definition.
Developing
Information definitions are in different areas, also in different approaches, it could refer to a definition of information on the basis of medicine, biology or linguistics. That is why all these definitions joined in scientific theories that use the central research axis to the information and for the first time there was talk of the word "Information Theory". Finishing this annotation we can understand more easily about information theory (TI), where Shannon begins through his article "A theory of communication"
A more effective way to improve the “multiple communication channels” was raised as they can know, that time to talk to one person and that another is entrusting or watching your calls became very famous, so the author wanted to create a method by thewhich sent information to a channel, calculating its information aptitude to transfer the information optimally. Thanks to that contribution and the following year it was helped by Weaver ending said article with the name "Mathematical Theory of Communication",
Shannon became the father of the information theory where they stated that through the origin of information an advertisement is sent to the transmitter through a signal, but at one point a noise can interfere that signal, that signal leaves the channelAnd it passes to a hall who consequently encodes the announcement and passes to a destination or person. Thus the person who receives the announcement will not have complications unless he does not know how to encode the ad and can understand that there are two definitions in that code.
This started when the 2 was over.ª Gran Guerra in 40. The well -known information theory began by Shannon for an article released in the Bell STJ in 48, was put as a title "Mathematical Theory of Communication". In these years, what was sought was to find the fastest method of using the media, issuing a large dose of information by a means and what he found out was the optimal sending and arrival of the ads.
This theory was made by the contributions began by the first decade of the twentieth century by Markovi, who Hartley in 27 followed his work, and is known as initiator of binary language. Elwood Shannon in conjunction with Warren Weaver, I contribute to his contributions to give the basis to the mathematical theory of communication of 1949, where today is known as "Information theory". A central section is deformation resistance that stimulates disturbance, where coding and decoding comfort puts into play.
So the speed of transmission, where it is said that the announcement has different points of view, and the receiver is the one that gives direction to the one attributed to the notice, provided that there is an equal code in the 2 points. The information theory is not global and has certain borders, such as the acceptance of the meaning of the code. If the announcement selection raises only between two variables, the information theory implies that the value of the information is one. Here is the concept of bit that is the magnitude of information. In order for the interest of the information to be equal to a bit, the alternatives given must be all free and equally possible.
It is important that the origin of information does not lack the same degree of independence to select the possibilities of a set of them or if it is under some type of domain that induces an election. Although in practice not all events are the same, therefore, the stochastic procedure called Markov forms. The procedure indicates that the symbols chain is put that any succession of that chain is represented in its entirety.
Information theory components
The issuer: it is everything that issues a message, for example, a sender can be a computer and what it produces are ads, messages. There are 2 types of emitters, random and structured. An issuer is random when you can’t predict what your next message or ad. A sender is structured when it is redundant.
Message: it is a group of zeros and some. A file, a data package that travels through a network and anything that has a binary representation can be considered a message. The message concept also applies to alphabets of more than two symbols, but because we deal with digital information we will almost always refer to binary messages.
Signal: It is a sign, a gesture or other type of report or notice of something. The signal therefore replaces the written word or language. Code: It is the language with which the 2 parts that are the issuer and the receiver are communicated. The information: in a message is the dose of bits that are ordered at least to give the message. Suppose we are reading a message and we have read ‘C’ chain;The probability that the message will continue with ‘characters’ is very high.
Transmitter: The resource that transforms the message into a signal that is sent by the channel to the receiver. Channel: Medium by which he carries the signals in space. Receiver: the one who receives a message (person or device). Destination: The recipient of my message. It is the one who determines the fidelity of the message. Noise: elements that were not provided by the source and are given to the message on the channel.
The information theory is still currently in relation to one of the booming technologies. From the general point of view, the Internet represents significant latent benefits, since it promises unprecedented opportunities to give power to individuals and connect them with increasingly opulent sources of information. Internet was created from a project from the United States Department of Defense called Darpanet initiated in the year 68 and its primary purpose was the research and development of communication protocols for broad areas networks.
To link packages transmission networks of different types capable of resist the most difficult operation conditions, and continue to function even with the loss of a part of the network. The enormous Internet growth is partly due to the fact that it is a network based on government support of each country that is part of the Internet, which gives an almost free service itself. In early 1996, it began to give a sensational growth of companies with commercial purposes on the Internet, thus giving rise to a new era in network growth.
conclusion
Described in broad strokes, TCP/IP puts the information you want to send and remove it from the packages to use when it is received when it is received when it is received. These packages can be compared with mail envelopes;TCP/IP saves the information, closes the envelope and on the outside puts the address to which it is addressed and the address of the one who sends it. Through this system, the packages are sent through the network until they reach the desired destination.
Once there, the destination computer removes the envelope and processes the information;If necessary, send one, response to the origin computer using the same procedure. Each machine that is connected to the Internet has a unique directive;This makes the information sent not wrong at the destination. Really, computers use numerical directives to send packages.
Bibliography
Claude E’s information theory. Shannon
Mathematical theory of information
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