Illegal immigration and its modifications
Introduction
It is an issue that has attracted our interest, since immigration is a very highly treated issue that has been giving in Spain for many years, becoming a reason for study, since it has originated important modifications in many of the aspects ofour society as in economic, the social, the cultural.
In the legal, we can highlight this law that encompasses: Organic Law 4/2000, of January 11, on rights and freedoms of foreigners in Spain and their social integration. Rights for illegal immigrants against the will of the Government of the Popular Party, Organic Law 4/2000 on the rights and freedoms of foreigners in Spain and their social integration entered into force in February 2000.
Developing
The implementation of this new immigration law in 2000 was supported by a broad political consensus of state agents and civil society. The law entailed fundamental and positive repercussions on the situation of the life of illegal immigrants: “The changes […] have been seen bent by a real change in the philosophy of the system: the response to the irregularity of the foreigner ceases to be theexpulsion for verse treated from the possibilities of regularization […] ”.
The most important changes encompassed the explicit recognition of the rights of illegal immigrants (right to health care, the right to celebrate meetings and demonstrations, labor rights such as trade union organization or the right to strike). In addition, this law institutionalized the possibility of transformation of the illegal to the legal situation;And the illegal residence with expulsion was no longer sanctioned:
This law is notable for the broad political consensus with which he had for his promulgation, for his clear approach for integration, for the political and social rights that he put within the reach of foreigners from countries outside the European Union and for having recognizedThe permanent dimension of immigration ". Right to the celebration of meetings and demonstrations, labor rights such as trade union organization or the right to strike.
The withdrawal of the rights and the restoration of a restrictive immigration regime by obtaining the absolute majority in the general elections of March 12, 2000, the conservative government of the Popular Party again launched a change of the law. The Parliament ratified the new 8/2000 law that entered into force on January 23, 2001.
The introduction of Law 8/2000 meant another paradigmatic change of immigration policy in Spain. Among its characteristics, the establishment of a restrictive immigration regime and the withdrawal of rights for illegal immigrants include. They punish illegal permanence with the expulsion of the country again.
In addition, the law provided for the introduction of high fines for entrepreneurs who use illegal immigrants. The Government wanted to obtain a stronger immigration regulation through immigration agreements with the states of origin. In February 2001, a bilateral agreement was reached with Ecuador. The Spanish government announced the program of the so -called "voluntary return" for Ecuadorian immigrants who lived illegally in Spain.
conclusion
This program foresaw that immigrants first return to Ecuador and requested there the job permit, and then legally enter Spain. The “voluntary return” program was accompanied by contradictory and unclear statements by the Spanish government regarding the criteria, the conditions of realization and financing: “the government spokesman […] implicitly admitted that the Executive lacked aConcrete plan for the return of the 23. 500 Ecuadorians who accept the government’s offer ”. The failure of this program was manifested when the "Ecuador Operation" was abandoned in May 2001.
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