Greece’s contributions to history
The contributions that ancient Greece gave to the story are diverse, in this one can include politics, philosophy, art, literature, society, to the so -called "barter", and these are applied in our day to day to day. Ancient Greece is considered to come to an end for the fall of the Romans in 146 to.C.;However the "Hellenistic" lasted more than this data. This civilization went to world history for the seventh century to., and continue until the end of the ancient world. Hellenistic are Greeks of the period where the conquest between Alexander the Great and the Romans developed.
The Hellenistic period is a stage of the history of ancient Greece where it is marked due to two important political events;one being the death of Alexander the Great (323 to.n.and.), and the death of Cleopatra and Marco Antonio, after the defeat in the battle of Accio;The Roman Empire being established without significant changes until the arrival of Christianity, which marks the end of Greece’s political independence. The history of ancient Greece is based on several divisions;the archaic period which lasted approximately 200 years from (700-480 to.C);in which the Greek population recovered and organized politically, creating "polis" cities-states that were composed of citizens, foreign residents and slaves. Even the word in English ‘Politics’ and in Spanish Spanish, it comes from the Greek word of city-state ‘polis’.
In this period Greek art became less rigid and more naturalistic: vase paintings evolved from geometric designs to representations of human figures, often illustrating epic stories. In sculpture, faces were encouraged with the characteristic ‘archaic smile’, and the bodies were represented with growing attention to human proportion and anatomy. Another division was classical Greece, which flourished during the 5th centuries to IV to.C.;This was marked by the period of Persian wars, the Golden Age and the subsequent classic era. Greek civilization had a powerful influence on the Roman Empire;In fact, some modern scholars see the Roman era as a continuation of the same civilization, which they call ‘Greco -Roman’. Geographically their origins were in the land of Greece, the Islands of the Aegean Sea, and the west coast of Asia Minor (Turkey).
His agriculture was located in the valleys funds covered by steep slopes or small islands confined by water. Because of this, ancient Greece consisted of many small territories, each with its own dialect, cultural peculiarities and identity. The cities used to be located in valleys between mountains, or in narrow coastal plains, and only dominated a limited area around them. Like all pre-modern societies, the Greeks were mainly an agricultural people. They practiced agriculture of the old Mediterranean region, involving the cultivation of grains, vines and olives, and the care of sheep, goats and cattle. The farms were small and simple plots of few acres. The aristocrats and other landowners were the owners of larger farms, which were worked by slaves;However, a 100 acres property was considered large. The main challenge that Greek farmers faced was that there were very few crop lands in Greece and the Aegean.
This forced them to participate in maritime trade at an incomparable scale by most old peoples. However, land scarcity continued to be a problem in ancient times. This was one of the sources of social tensions between rich and poor what led, in Athens, to the rise of democracy, and in several other cities, to violent clashes between the different classes. From here the "Trade" or Barter arises, since many "polis" were located next to the sea;Therefore the Greeks sought their livelihood in the sea. For a period of approximately 150 years after 750 BC, many cities-states sent groups of their citizens to found colonies on the distant coasts of the Mediterranean Sea and the Black Sea. These established strong commercial ties with their mother city. Greek merchants soon dominated the maritime trade of the Mediterranean, surpassing the Phoenicians who had preceded them.
The adoption of metal currencies must have facilitated this process. Some Greek cities became large and rich shopping centers. Athens also became the main banker of the Greek world. In the 5th century. C., The Athenian currency became the international currency of the Mediterranean. The bankers operated from long tables installed in the agora, giving loans to very high interest rates. We can say that from here several contributions arose that directed us to what we lived today, creating businesses, creating a democracy, a government, and even the beginnings of the banks. In education, most Greek cities had no schools financed with public funds
Education was, therefore, a private matter. Wealthy families would put a child under the care of a slave who would accompany him everywhere. The child (and the accompanying slave) would attend a small school led by a private teacher, who would be in charge. Here, the child would learn to read and write, and make arithmetic. Later, they learned to sing and play music (which for the Greeks included poetry). After 12 years, the children focused on physical education. They trained in sports such as throwing the disc and javelin, running and fighting. Some rich families would also educate their daughters. They would be taught to read, write and play music;And they were also given some physical education. After school, older children underwent military training.
The family bought armor and weapons, and young people learned how to fight effectively in military camps. From this age, they were expected to serve in the state army, if necessary. For children from wealthy families, training in public speaking would complete their education. In Athens, some of the first higher education institutions registered in history were founded: the Plato Academy and the Aristotle Lyceum. Here courses of logic, literature and philosophy were taught. Meanwhile, girls from rich families were trained in home management.
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