Generations and importance of electronic commerce in Ecuador
Introduction
The world has become changing and is in continuous evolution, where globalization and easy access to information through the advances and communication technologies (ICT), allow countries and companies to integrate to market products and services. With the passing of time, companies have implemented changes in form and background with the objective of achieving organizational goals and with the use of data have become an intangible asset of high importance that marks the future of companies [1].
By opening the economies and the new trend in the way of promoting trade, it has been possible"E-commerce".
Electronic commerce can be defined as “any form of commercial transaction in which the parties interact electronically instead of direct exchange or physical contact” that is, electronically make commercial transactions, which consist of a mechanism that breaks with all the schemes and schemes andTraditional market paradigms creating new ones, redefining customer expectations.
Electronic commerce includes very diverse activities that cover all kinds of access to commercial information, exchange of digital media of goods and services, online supply of digital content, electronic funds transfers, electronic value commerce, public procurement, marketing, after -sales servicesDirect to the consumer, certification of identities and transactions, cyberrtribunals and forms of conflict resolution. In general, everything related to the Internet, with economic and commercial implications [2].
Most of the electronic commerce consists in the purchase and sale of products or services between people and companies, however, a considerable percentage of electronic commerce consists of the acquisition of virtual items.
Globalization together with technological development puts in a new perspective to electronic commerce, since offer possibilities are absolutely allowing to develop commercial spaces breaking the barriers of time and space, economic transactions are formalized in real time accelerating economic growth. They have also contributed an important tool for cost reduction in commercial, logistics and distribution operations, providing people and companies with the opportunity to expand operations in different markets.
It is important that, in Ecuador, all changes related to globalization and technological development are taken into consideration, because there are repercussions that affect those who do not prepare properly to face these vertiginous changes, especially in terms ofThe competition, implementation of digital platforms that allow the country to be put in these new business environments and are enhancers of economic growth, articulating the country’s industry with technological developments, so that they serve as a showcase to the world of products and services made in theEcuador.
The companies that are currently investing in improving their technological systems and that have taken presence in digital markets through electronic commerce, are evidencing results of improvement in their processes, both administrative, and in the return of these investments turned into profits for theirOrganizations [3].
Developing
Electronic commerce generations
It is possible to distinguish four generations of electronic commerce:
- The first generation begins when large companies put their information on web pages with the aim of becoming known worldwide, they are static pages which only provide information and collect data, you cannot buy online.
- In the second generation, the functionality of buying through the network is incorporated, virtual shopping centers appear, using the check, bank transfers as means of payment.
- In the third generation the safe payment protocols appear where payment by electronic media is popularized, the contents are dynamic using network marketing. The process of sending and receiving offers to customers is automated. ´
- In the fourth generation, the aspect of the web pages is improved by implementing all security protocols to avoid online fraud and providing the customer adequate mechanisms to safeguard the information, the contents are dynamic [1].
Electronic commerce models
It is inferred that there are six electronic commerce models, which are listed below:
- B2B or Business to Business, where the transaction is made between companies operating on the Internet.
- B2C or Business To Costumer, where businesses between the company and its collaborators through online stores with exclusive benefits are carried out.
- C2C or Costumer To Costumer, is the transaction in which the customer acquires a product or service and performs the resale action.
- G2C or Government to Customer, where the transaction is carried out by the Government with the consumer for example tax payments or vehicular fines.
- G2B or Government to Business, which corresponds to the business between the government and companies such as purchasing and tenders [3].
Conclusions
Electronic commerce is a tool that has allowed crossing borders and making transactions for the purchase and sale of services and products quickly and effectively.
Electronic commerce is the use of computer science and telecommunications to channel the information and business transactions existing between a company and its customers, suppliers, financial entities, transporters, etc.
References
- N. Esparza, ‘Electronic commerce in Ecuador,’ Science and Research Magazine, Vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 29-32, April-June 2017.
- M. Rosales and t. Discomfort, "Electronic commerce in Ecuador: legal regime and comments," free section, pp. 108-114
- P. Tello and l. Pineda, ‘Analysis of electronic commerce in Ecuador,‘. Master. Thesis, UIDE, International University of Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador, 2017.
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