Evolution of Arab poetry to this day
Introduction
Poetry is one of the most characteristic and ancient features of the Arab world. Classic Arabic literature, from pre -yslamic time (5th century), until the beginning of the 20th century, is essentially poetry. Until the Abbasi period, poetry was transmitted orally, but from this moment, when writing is generalized, poetry begins to compose. It is very difficult to say at what time you start writing poetry, but the safest thing is that the first text comes from El Koran in which the poets and their compositions are alluded to.
The objective of the Arab poets was to poetize everything they saw and observed, even if it was not real. It was sure that poetry is the privilege and attribute of its culture. As Qabbani says:
If we take a pin and put it under the skin of any Arab citizen, a magical fluid will overflow. This fluid is not oil, nor is it a oil derivative. It is a green fluid, with a golden flame and eternal incandescence. It is called poetry.
Developing
Even today, classical Arab poetry has a quantitative metric, in which the use of long and brief syllables is alternated. The succession of long and brief syllables gives rise to the foot. The union of three or four feet gives rise to the hemistiquio. Two hemistichs form the verse. A group of verses, between thirty or fifty, form the Qasida, which we will talk about below.
We call Yahiliyya to the period that is lived in the Arabian Peninsula before the appearance of Islam. At that time there was a belief that the poet had a supernatural power, a power that resided in his words. In addition, the poet was the spokesman for the tribe.
Already in the sixth century the Arabs practiced poetry, regardless of religion. The issues usually focused on the praise of some community manager, crying for their death, criticism of inappropriate behaviors. But, above all, to one and their tribe.
Poetry competitions were often carried out, among which stood out of the city of ‘Ukaz. The winning poems were known as Mu’allaqat (hanging). This is because, according to tradition, the prize that the winners received was to have the privilege that their poem was hung in the tempo of the Ka’aba.
As we have mentioned above, pre -yslamic poetry was transmitted orally. Each professional poet had a rawi (narrator). This was learned by heart the verses of his teacher and was the one who recited them in the poetry competitions. Rawi’s goal was to become teachers themselves.
It is estimated that the Qasida was born around the 5th century. As we mentioned in the introduction, its extension ranged between 30 and 100 verses.
All Qasida consists of three parts: Nasib, Rahil and Madih. In Nasib, the poet talks about love. In the Rahil, the trip that the poet undertakes through the desert is described, either to look for his beloved or for other reasons. This part of the Qasida is usually longer, with a wide lexicon and abundant descriptions. Finally, in the Madih, the third and last part, the virtues of the Lord, with the purpose of perpetuating his protection.
The poetry of this period is a testimony poetry. The poet’s goal is not to change the world, but to describe reality.
With the arrival of Islam, poets adopt three different positions. On the one hand we found those who opposed the new religion of Muhammad, which over time would end up becoming the new religion. On the other hand there are those who praise Muhammad, have become Islam or not.
Within this group, some Christian poets are highlighted, whose reaction to Islam is to reaffirm their own faith. Finally, we find those poets already converted to Islam, in which no change is reflected.
One of the changes that occurs with the arrival of Islam is that a simpler language begins to be used than with Qasida, and more brief poetry is tends.
As for the theme, it focuses more on divinity and attacks false gods, since God there is only one. Some stories are almost a kind of homily divided into two parts. In the first, the destiny that awaits the unbelievers is related, while then mentions divine messengers prior to Muhammad.
As we have already mentioned, the Qasida was born around the 5th century. A short time later, the Arab people arrived at the Iberian Peninsula. It is expected that in all the years that the Arabs remained the peninsula, part of their culture would leave there. A clear example of this is poetry. This is what we call Andalusi poetry.
conclusion
During this time, changes are presented in the subject used. Longevity stands out and the usual symptoms they have in it, such as fatigue.;sensual love;the description, with concepts such as poetry, man or friendship;The satire, who was directed mainly against politicians
Leave feedback