Ethnography within professional nursing care
Introduction
Nursing is a professional discipline that covers autonomous care and in collaboration offered to people, families, groups and populations, as well as sick or healthy, these care include health promotion, disease prevention.
Essential nursing functions are defense, promotion of a safe environment, research, participation in health policy and patient management and health systems, and training.
In this present essay there is a reflection and discussion about various conceptions of care, its evolution, principles and results. Its objective is to offer some theoretical and philosophical foundations about what nursing care means.
In the beginning of these conceptual variations and due to the professional’s concern in relation to care, doubts arise such as: What do we do when the caregiver also needs to be careful? How to take care of someone who doesn’t want to be careful? How to take care of without interaction?
Developing
The professional nursing discipline has its beginnings in the mid -nineteenth century, in times where war was a common denominator in European countries, its origins date back to the act of caring for the injured person.
With the figure of Florence Nightingale, the nursing discipline is beginning, this woman was born on May 12, 1820 and was the first theoretical that described nursing and related it to the environment, addressing with special interest the observation as a primary element To provide nursing care.
From there, the conceptualization of care begins as a fundamental nursing pillar, currently understood by the nursing community as the care of human health experience; This is how the nursing process is indirectly celebrated, which was not conceived at that time as a process, but that was implicit in each of the nursing activities, through the assessment of the injured in combat, using observation and observation and The identification of problems to provide care. (Queen g., 2010, p. 18:23)
To conceive and apply the nursing process, previous requirements of the nursing professional are necessary such as knowledge, skills and criticism, the first of them refers to the theoretical bases of nursing that has philosophies, theories, theories , conceptual models, scientific research of the profession, but also has some conceptual bases of other areas of knowledge, mainly of basic sciences, especially of the morphic pathophysiology, psychology and social sciences.
The skills, which are created and strengthened in the training process of professional discipline both in scientific and procedural, behavioral and experience with a logical, coherent and constructive position.
If the nursing continues to try to develop professionally, it will be increasingly necessary, identify what we do, how we do it, what we do and why our services are necessary. Achieving this implies describing, identifying, comparing and establishing relationships between the phenomena of our competition.
This line of conceptual analysis has its origins in the nineteenth century when Florence Nightingale in its concern to get the infirmary from its routine "not only means the administration of medicines and poultices," makes a series of observations that lead her to recognize the value peculiar of care "must mean the proper use of fresh air".
Trying to demonstrate everything with statistical data, which leads her to define nursing such as: put the patient in the best conditions for nature to act. For all these reasons Florence Nightingale considered that "nursing is a vocation that requires suitable and intelligent subjects to which it must be paid for the quality of its service".
She has had to spend a century to see in 1952 the first conceptual nursing model in the work of Hildegarden Plapu that is entitled "Interpersonal Relations In Nursing" (Marrner-Tomey, 1994). In this same year, Nursing Research magazine appears that becomes a diffusion body, first order, research.
Of great relevance for the profession has been the contribution of Virginia Henderson with the definition of her, of the nurse’s own function, well known and adopted in 1961 by the International Nursing Council (International Nursing Council, 1961).
The care of patients represents a series of acts of life that have the purpose and function to maintain living and healthy human beings with the purpose of reproducing and perpetuating life, in such a way, care is to maintain life ensuring the satisfaction of the satisfaction of A set of needs for the person, family, group and community, for continuous interaction with their environment, lives health experiences.
Through time and with the progress of biomedical knowledge about the origin of human life, techniques have been possible, there have been scientific and technological advances, which influence the work of the nursing professional forgetting, at some times, that the essence of this is respect for life and professional care to human being.
At present, the nurse can perform actions towards a patient with the sense of obligation or responsibility. Take care of every human being calls a scientific, philosophical and moral commitment towards the protection of their dignity and the conservation of their life. (Rodrigo, 1997)
The review about nursing care leads us to reflect that the nursing professional needs a humanistic reform that allows him so that in this way services of a new and different class of health professionals can be provided. (Juarez & García, 2015, p. 113; 115)
Through the years, Nursing developed and changed its concepts and definitions. It was established as a scientific field and was described in numerous opportunities as a series of tasks and techniques, as a broad human service, as a vocation learned and more recently as a discipline in the area of health, which manages the care of this during the Vital cycle course.
conclusion
After this analysis that we have intended to make clear the advances of nursing, we make a synthesis of the transit of nursing ex officio to profession:
- Nursing emerges as an occupational group at the beginning of history but with a clearly ex officio character. His task is exclusively manual and candidates to exercise it are of little social level as well as their clientele.
- In our day the occupational group is acquiring the peculiarities of a profession; His work becomes more and more in a own knowledge and scientific basis.
- The occupational group enjoys a certain autonomy, this aspect being the most developed in the future and that will go hand in hand with the greatest knowledge and implementation of nursing diagnoses.
- The possession of a professional association and a deontological code are aspects that complete the character of a profession and that the nursing has sufficiently covered for several decades; Even specifying, in some aspects, of greater dynamism.
In these conclusions we wanted.
Bibliography
- Juarez, p., & Garcia, M. (2015). The importance of nursing care. Itinerary section.
- Queen g., N. C. (2010). The nursing process: care instrument. Scientific threshold, 18-23.
- Rodrigo, l. (1997). Nursing in history.An analysis from the perspective. Care culture.21, 25-26.
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