Essay on the social progress of the Modern Age
One of the most outstanding results of those social transformations that gave rise to modern society was the appearance of the industry as the center of the economic life of the most advanced societies of that time. The efficacy of the manufacturing system was quickly imposed on the old trade or relatives of goods production.
In addition, the growing confidence in progress, based on the aspiration to a fairer democratic society and in the appreciation of scientific knowledge as the main weapon of the technical and social improvement process, favored a climate of generalized optimism in the new forms of economic economic organizationAnd social. However, the century of industrialism was also a period of deep social seizures: the benefits of the industry came accompanied by new and dramatic social conflicts.
Sociology, which took its first steps, focused its interest in the study of social realities that then arose, both in its functional aspect and in its conflicting dimension. Among the few common points that have among themselves the various theories of classical sociology, is the importance granted to the industry as a core of social organization, both in their possibilities of development and real progress for the living conditions of individual peopleas in its aspect of institution that houses and generates conflicts never known in previous times.
Industrial sociology gradually configured as the branch of sociology that was interested in the problems of the economic organizations of modern society. Their main themes of study began being those characteristics that differentiated industrial societies from previous societies and their consequences for the daily life of its inhabitants.
These characteristics are usually highlighted: population growth, thanks to the advances of medicine and hygiene;the concentration of the population in cities, in search of jobs in factories;the rise of communications;the increase in social mobility;The expansion of psychic mobility, by which people expand their world from the rural area in which they were confined to the nation’s scope;the accelerated progress of technology;the growing massification of society;The acceleration of social change.
For now they are only listed to indicate what the lines of research in the initial social sciences were.
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