Discrimination against people with Down Syndrome
Introduction
This research is to analyze the existence of many cases of discrimination against people with Down syndrome in young people and adolescents. To understand this case we will have to review many points of view and then we will show you.
Developing
According to Giovagnoli, (2006) cited in Rosario (2014) he mentions that:
Discrimination, meanwhile, is a multifaceted phenomenon aim of complex and historically entrenched matrices we have social representations built through the history of the groups and the long history of humanity built within the specific cultures of a civilization, anation or territorial group.(p.5)
What is Down syndrome?
Down Syndrome is a genetic disease consequence of the trisomy of torque 21 due.000 people, increasing with maternal time.
The general clinical results that characterize this picture are: mental deficiency, brachycephaly, continuous facial erythema, microtia, spots of Brushfield, congenital cardiac abnormalities, dysplasia of the second phalanx of the fifth finger, small hands, mongolic facies, hypotonia, in addition to delayIn physical and psychic development. However, the presence of mental retardation in these patients can be variable, finding minor conditions that allow these patients to perform daily work very easily.
There is no treatment for Down syndrome, so rehabilitation measures through special physiotherapeutic, phonoaudiological and psychotechnical techniques play an important role, in patients with severe mental commitment, allowing them in most of the time an adequate social reintegration.
95 % of cases have a maternal predisposition, where the mother’s age plays an important role since the incidence of genetic alteration increases from 45 years, because the woman is born with an established endowment of oocytes,these being susceptible to atresia and harmful environmental influences that genetically modify their structure.
Approximately 4% of cases are due to an unbalanced translocation between chromosome 21 and chromosomes 13, 14 or 15, where and the remaining 1% is due to mosaicism caused by the non -disjunction of chromosome 21, it should be noted that in theunbalanced translocation.
Already in 1932 Waardenburg establishes the probability of an abnormal distribution of chromosomes, which was demonstrated only until 1956 after distinguished Jerome discovered the existence of the presence of extra genetic material in chromosome 21. Well, in 1959 he introduced the U series proposing an alternative therapy based on hormones, enzymes, etc.. Only in 1961, the name of its discoverer, is adopted as the official nomination of this disease, also proposing the name of Trisomy G-1
Behavioral characteristics of Down syndrome
There are not too many differences between individuals affected by Down syndrome and normal ’’ ’subjects regarding their personality. There are children with happy, nice, serious, introverted, extroverted, selfish, friendly, aggressive, kind, etc., Just like all these typologies in other people.
The most significant personality features of these guys that we could consider as the unique are the specific ones of their learning. Fatigency, lability in attention, stubbornness, etc.
Therefore, five totally charged questions of legends stand out: the ability to imitate, testarude, some myths around the alleged musical skills and sexuality.
Type of discriminations
There are several types of discrimination, they would be in many areas since there are people with this syndrome who would like to live like all to do things that everyone does but cannot do it because sometimes they do not accept them as they are. There are also times that some mothers and fathers knowing that he drinks who is about to be born comes with these problems decide not to have it then this would be another case to take the right to live only by having this syndrome.
- Discrimination at birth
Alianga Chavez, (2019) mentions that abortion in case of diagnosing the embryo with Down syndrome would be discriminating against its genetic condition. Society often discriminates beings with this aneuploidy, since they do not consider normal human beings. This type of discrimination is called genetic discrimination, which is manifested when distinguished, excluding or restricts, due to genetic information, the recognition of the human rights and fundamental freedoms of a person. This situation is alarming, since there are people who believe they are more worthy and have the right to discriminate against others. However, this should not occur, since everyone deserves to be treated equally. Also, various organizations in defense of people with disabilities. Abortion should not be practiced in the event that the embryo is diagnosed with Down syndrome, since its genetic condition would be discriminated against and, with it, it would be denying its fundamental rights, and because, despite its limitations, they canParticipate in society actively. People with Down syndrome are as decent as all of birth and be part of society. Likewise, there cannot be discrimination based on their genetic condition, since they are still human beings worthy of respect and dignity. (p.4)
Babies that are born with these anomalies are not to blame are. Some in society think that when they grow up they will be a burden but it is not so, there are people with this syndrome who have come to overcome life and it is not a pretext for not letting them live.
- Discrimination in the educational field
This is another difficult area that is considered discrimination since there are few specialized schools in this case. So some people have to resort to schools that are not specialized in order to have an education for their children so there are cases of Bulliyng or there are no specialized teachers in the case and do not know how to convey their knowledge in them.
Virtually the total of the countries of the continents have signed the declaration of Salamanca promoted by UNESCO (1994) in favor of the school inclusion of people with special needs. There are also many countries that, without prejudice to this, show a great lack of resources applied to teachers and institutions that effectively allow quality school inclusion and, little cooperation, bureaucracy obstacles, double enrollment (common school and special school),Difficulties in the dynamics of evaluation and certification and absence of formal training and continues aimed at teachers and educational management levels. On the other hand, many school integration experiences are observed that is based only on goodwill, due to lack of clarity of objectives, training.
Since people with Down syndrome on numerous occasions show difficulty when processing information and responding, since they have a deficit in terms of sensory discriminations and perceptual speed refers. The apathy, absence and lack of attention that these people show in some moments, according to Lambert and Rondal (1982) is due to two factors:
- These subjects need more time to react to stimuli.
- Its response capacity has a higher frequency of error and lower quality.
For Cuilleret (1985) the Trisomic Niño-21 has an excessive analytical mood that disadvantages its synthesis ability, she baptizes this phenomenon with the name of "Caleidoscopic spirit".
- Discrimination in the work area
In the workplace is perhaps the one that most brutally expresses the failure of the strategies based on the segregation of the services provided. More than 80% of the population with disabilities is outside the labor market and what is even more serious, no longer has aspirations to achieve a paid formal work and with social security coverage
They believe that if they hire them they will have a failure but it is not sometimes it turns out that they are more prepared than the "normal" people. They exclude them and that is wrong to give them the opportunity to demonstrate the skills they have and not make them feel bad and that they think they are not able to do things on their own. That would be part of discrimination since they do not give him the opportunity to go forward on his own and that they have to depend on their family that they cannot exercise everyday activities of all such as working for example. Hiring a person with disabilities only brings benefits. First because legally from 50 workers you are obliged to reserve 2% of the positions to people with disabilities. But, secondly, because they are the ideal workers: they have less abstention, they are constant, their level of commitment motivates the rest of the organization, which proudly sees their company for having hired people with disabilities.
In short, these types of discrimination are very serious since no one can prohibit them from their rights as people and can do what they want and whatever they want only people to collaborate and help them feel good to feel important and capable of doing everything.
Because there is discrimination against people with this syndrome
Prejudice and discrimination against individuals with Down syndrome continue to exist today. Children’s families with Down syndrome also experience this discrimination. For example, when a doctor had a child with this problem, she and her husband recalled “that hospital staff were overwhelmed: how can a doctor have a son with Down syndrome. Against the principle of non -managerial advice that we have always considered as a nuclear value of the genetic council, parents tell us that the prenatal advice they received was aggressively managerial. Concern about prenatal coercion and discrimination has come to light in each of the extensive meetings we have had with families of children with Down syndrome, from our arrival at the Linda Crnic Institute for Down syndrome on August 1, 2010, and it is a serious concern for these families. (Skotko and Canal Beda, 2005).
This is very unjustifiable there is no reason that justifies discrimination against good people who just want their life to be normal to do what everyone does and even new things, that we have not done. We all deserve respect because nobody is better than anyone, it is better people who have this syndrome show that they are better people than us in many ways. They are very friendly, responsible, respectful qualities that many of us are missing.
People who discriminate against people with special abilities only demonstrate that they have nothing in their head and only do it to get attention for believing something that they are not, and because in their life something is wrong.
This is a problem around the world, because there is no respect of course that with exceptions because not all people are such an immoral.
Campaigns about discrimination against people with Down syndrome
As for the population with Down syndrome resident in Spain, according to different sources. It is estimated at a total of 33.965 people, being of them 28.361 (83.5 %) over 16 years. Given the growth experienced in the last years of their life expectancy, studies on the quality of life are more necessary to study the possible changes that occur with age. In all aspects of Down syndrome both relatives, professionals and they themselves bet more and more for a way of life autonomously and independently, but this is not easy, since as in other fields of disability, these peopleThey find misunderstanding, discrimination and lack of employment. Aspects all of them members of the quality of life, so that in this situation, from the Spanish Federation of Down Syndrome (Down Spain) and the Foundation of Health Education (Foundadeps) of the San Carlos Clinical Hospital of Madrid, with theSupport from the Sanitas Foundation, it was decided to carry out a study on health and quality of life, directed towards the family environment. This study has a socio -health character, and then we will develop the main aspects of the same. MATERIAL AND METHODS STUDY DESIGN: This is a transverse descriptive observational study. Universe: adult subjects over 16 years of age in all autonomous communities of the national level, registered in any of the associations encompassed in Down Spain, with the diagnosis of Down syndrome. Study population: The 868 subjects with Down syndrome who agreed to participate in the study, and from the different associations encompassed in Down Spain were considered a study population. Description of the tool (questionnaire): The tool used is a questionnaire of 115 questions grouped in the following spheres: health and self – esteem, healthy habits, leisure and free time, personal resources, social and healthcare resources, material resources, personal and existential satisfaction, economic resources, family integration, educational-formative resources, school integration, occupational activity, occupational integration, labor activity, economic resources, economic resources. Completion of the questionnaires: In the case of the questionnaire for people with SD, it is that it is a self-administered questionnaire with support, that is, completed by the subjects themselves under the supervision of the area agents. Sociodemographic results: As for the survey of people with SD, we have obtained the following results: of the total of 868, 391 were male (45.2%) and 475 women (54.8%) with an average age of25.2 years (6.4), being the average for men of 25.1 years (7.2) and 25.3 years (6.6) for women (p> 0.05). Regarding the level of studies, E1 48.4% have primary education, 25.0% ESO and 20, I% have participated in professional qualification and initiation programs (PCP1). Regarding labor aspects, we highlight that most people with SD do not work and money receives it directly from their parents or guardians (62.4%), 27% work and 9.9% are linked to occupational centersNon -work. Of the 219 people with work, 30 (13.70%) do so in ordinary company without support, 157 (71.7%) work in ordinary company with support and 11 (5%) are linked to a special employment center. Issues related to health and self – esteem: according to this study, 94.1% are happy with their health.
While in Quito the Edgar Palacios Foundation that is located in Carcelén in northern Quito, which helps people with Down syndrome, perform a variety of activities, providing the right treatment that people deserve with Down syndrome. A participated in several events such as dance, painting, etc. That is why we have done a study to learn more about people with Down syndrome and thus encourage citizens to acquire more knowledge about this disability and the activities they can do. That is why it is necessary to create a product that first demonstrates innovative so that people can better inform themselves about people with Down syndrome and thus be able to reduce discrimination. It is established as a direct marketing strategy to make a fence, palettes and material P material.EITHER.P that in one way or another allows to inform but above all to capture the attention of people to inform the target group that ignores the activities carried out by people with Down syndrome.
conclusion
As far as disability is concerned, and in this particular case, the person with Down syndrome due to their alone condition is exposed to unequal treatment against their individual rights.
That should not be so, we all need respect and more to them because they are special. No one is less than anyone and they deserve respect and much love.
Bibliography
- ALIANGA CHAVEZ, A. (2019). A reason to abort . Peru.
- Giovagnoli, s. (2014). ¨ Discrimination in Down Syndrome . ROSARY BEADS.
- McCabe, l. (2012). Discrimination against children with Down Syndrome . Down Syndrome Magazine, page 4.
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