Definition and implications of compulsive obsessive disorder
Summary
The Obsessive Compulsive Toc maintains specific characteristics, where the most obvious belong to obsessions and compulsive behavior, as their words say it. The diagnosis of TOCs is based on the identification of obsessive thoughts and compulsive behavior to evade these thoughts, which can hardly be ignored. Therefore, compulsions are about all those actions that are performed repetitively, with the aim of reducing the anxiety of these thoughts. Both factors or situations cause difficulty in the individual to maintain mental and behavioral balance. Toc can be effectively subject to 75% of cases with appropriate treatment, which is usually observed in the use of psychotherapy psychotherapy. The aforementioned are some of the points that will be seen in this article.
Keywords: disorder, obsessions, compulsions, behavior.
Introduction
In this work you can identify some of the characteristics that represent OCD or known by its acronym to the obsessive compulsive disorder. At present, several disorders are known that affect the population, OCD is one of the most common, but not so mentioned. However, the people who suffer from it suffer from constant struggles with themselves, to raise awareness about an issue like these helps us understand how life could be from another perspective.
Developing
The TOC has the presence of two components, obsessions and compulsions, and to the descriptions of the same. General speaking of the obsession, reference is made to intrusive thoughts, which are annoying and can hardly be evaded. On the other hand, compulsions define a seemingly healthy subject who presents an irresistible addictive or obsessive behavior in a certain situation. The definition of both components suggests a difficulty by the person to submit their thoughts and actions.
Some authors such as Hollander, Friedberg, Wasserman, Yeh and Iyengar (2005) mention that: more than talking about OCD as a single entity should be considered a spectrum. They point out that there are other sister conditions, which are variations or modalities of the TOC. Among them they indicate the body dysmorphia, trichotilomania, the Tourette Gilles syndrome and automutilator behaviors, among others.
We can identify the TOC by the presence of obsessions or compulsions, which are thoughtful thinking, impulses or images that are presented as intruders and unwanted in the person suffering from the disorder. The other obsessive-compulsive disorders and related disorders are mainly characterized by repetitive behaviors centered on the body (P. eg., throwing hair, pinching the skin) and attempts to reduce or stop these repetitive behaviors. In the relief manual for the TOC (2012) mentions that:
The TOC is not characterized by “obsessed” stalkers and fans, work addicts, compulsive liars, players, compulsive buyers or people with phobias, such as fears at heights or flying. While many people with these other problems may suffer from treatable mental illnesses, they have no touch.
Toc in the DSM-5
In the DSM-5 published in 2013, the TOC was removed from the section of anxiety disorders and is part of a category that includes: OCD, body dysmorphic disorder (TDC), trichotylomania (TTM), excoriation disorder (tea tea tea), Accumulation disorder (TA), OCD and related disorders induced by substance or medication, TOC and related disorders due to another medical condition, other TOC and specified related disorders, and finally TOC and related related disorders. Thus, all the disorders described in this category are characterized by repetitive behaviors or compulsions.
Diagnosis of TOC
Giving a diagnosis to the person will not always be simple, since sometimes we can confuse the symptoms with daily household habits that the patient or the affected person carries. This is why it is very important that when the person detects obsessive thoughts or impulsive behaviors, seek professional help as quickly as possible to be evaluated and diagnosed by a psychiatrist as only he can get to give a good diagnosis.
The diagnosis of TOC is based on the identification of obsessive thoughts that give rise to obsessive behavior, in order to avoid those thoughts.
Toc can be diagnosed with the following criteria:
- Physical exploration. This is done to discharge possible symptoms or other problems that may have any related complication.
- Laboratory analysis. A complete hemogram and some drug and alcohol use detection examination can be included.
- Psychological evaluation. It seeks to analyze thoughts, emotions and behavior patterns.
- Diagnostic criteria for TOC: The doctor is based on applying evaluation criteria already established in DMS-5
Prevention and treatment
The TOC cannot be prevented, the disease can only be stopped and therefore it is better to treat it as fast as possible the treatment of the TOC, it is not the cure since this has not been found. Only a psychiatrist is the one who can decide what type of drug will better help the patient and thus be able to reduce symptoms, allowing the patient to reduce symptoms. Allowing the patient to have quality of life and be more functional. Only some of the people with the TOC disorder will need life medication. To make treatment more effective, it is best to combine psychotherapy and drugs.
Psychotherapy
Cognitive-behavioral therapy is one of the most effective therapies, for many of the people suffering from this disorder. Exposure with response prevention (EPR), is a type of cognitive behavioral therapy, which implies healthier techniques to know how to face anxiety. EPR implies more effort and practice, but thanks to this you can enjoy better quality of life once you learn how to control obsessions and compulsions. Therapies can be individually or in a group.
Medicines
Medications can only be medicated by psychiatrist doctors and are used to control the obsessions and compulsions of this TOC disorder.The most common is that antidepressants are first prescribed. Among the most prescribed medications are the following:
- Clomipramine (anaphranyl), for adults and for children from 10 years
- Fluoxetine (Prozac), for adults and for children from 7 years
- Fluvoxamine, for adults and for children from 8 years
- Paroxetine (paxil, pexeva), only for adults
- Setraline (Zoloft), for adults and for children from 6 years.
conclusion
As a conclusion, the issue that deals with here is to raise awareness a little of what is OCD, it is mainly addressed that it is a neurological problem that can occur in any individual, this disorder is usually chronic but treatable. In this and some other disorders it has been seen that the support of relatives is essential at the time the disorder is presented and during their treatment, as well as having a soon diagnosis to lead adequate treatment and maintain a balance in lifeof the individual.
References
- American Psychiatric Association. (2014). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (DSM-5). 5th ed .Spain. Pan -American Medical Editorial
- BEYOND OCD. (2012). Relief for the TOC. Recovered from: https: // ada.org/sites/default/files/relief-for-toc.PDF
- Gimenez, s. (2011). Medicine21. Compulsive Obsessive Disorder (TOC): A real disease. Recovered from: https: // www.Medicine21.com/articles/V2345/El-Totorno-Obseesivo-Comulsive-Withoc-A-Enforcead-Real.HTML
- Kodysz, s. (s.F.) Obsessive-compulsive disorder (T.EITHER.C.). Brief bibliographic review. Mental health clinical sheets. P.15-20. Recovered from: http: // www.psi.UBA.AR/ACADEMIC/CARRERASDEGRADO/PSYCHOLOGY/SITES_CATEDRAS/Elective.PDF
- Lozano, a. (2017). Clinical aspects of compulsive obsessive disorder and related disorders.Rev Neuropsychiat. Vol.80 (no.1). Pp. 35-40. Recovered from: http: // www.Scielo.org.PE/PDF/RNP/V80N1/A06V80N1.PDF
- Morrison, j. (2015). DSM-5® guide for clinical diagnosis. Mexico. Modern Manual.
- Rodríguez-Acevedo, A;Toro-Alfonso, J. and Martínez-Taboas, to. (s.F.) The obsessive-compulsive disorder: listening to the hidden voices. Puerto Rican Magazine of Psychology. Vol. twenty. Pp. 7-32. PP- 7-30. Recovered from: https: // www.Redalyc.org/pdf/2332/233216361001.PDF
- Valencia, a. (March 2012). A look at the obsessive-compulsive disorder. What is and how to treat it?.University Digital Magazine. Vol. 13 (no. 3). Pp. 3-6. Recovered from: http: // www.magazine.UNAM.mx/vol.13/num 3/art 29/art 29.PDF
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