Criminal profile, serial killer.
Introduction
Killer, is it done or is born? Despite the scientific and technological advances that have been achieved, there is still much to learn about a criminal’s mind. Every day there are more things about the human brain, but the debate about whether it is born or done, is still standing. That’s right, as in this work we will get into the mind of a serial killer, learning to develop his profile, his way of acting and even detecting his signature and motivation. Only the most curious minds wonder, which is what a murderer feels, which is what leads him to commit those terrible acts and what is the motivation of these. That is why we will try to explain it in this essay and can we answer this question?
Developing
The criminological profile is the discipline of forensic science whose task is to analyze the traces of behavior in a crime scene with the aim of providing useful information to the police to proceed to capture an unknown criminal. Criminological profile arises as a technique of support for criminal investigation, with the aim of knowing the characteristics, motivations and actions of the author (or authors) of a crime (generally homicidal and/or serial rapists) from the analysis and evaluation of the physical, behavioral and psychological evidence that the offender (or offenders) leaves (n) in the crime scene and in the victim.
Generally the subject on which the profile is performed, is usually an unknown criminal. This technique does not intend to describe the murderer, but contribute relevant data on its characteristics, to help recognize or be able to seek it. About the possibility of he acts again or his possible places of future action. In addition to the possible place of residence or area where he usually moves. Robert Ressler established six stages in the development of the profile: data collection, models in the decision process, crime analysis, criminal profile, investigation and apprehension.
Garrido and López argue that in the elaboration of the profile there are some essential concepts: the crime scene, geography of crimes, modus operandi and signature, and victimology. If we study all these elements we can understand what the serial killer transmits with his crimes. The crime scene is known as the crime scene both the place, where the victim is captured, where the crime is consumed, and, therefore, the staging. The golden rule of the crime scene is not touching, changing or altering anything until it is properly identified, registered, measured and photographed as Vaca and Dzib. That is why the crime scene is one of the key elements to begin the elaboration of a criminal profile.
Types and forms of crime
Just as there are not two equal criminals, there are also 2 equal crime scenes. The modus operandi is defined as the way in which a crime has been committed. Are the actions and behaviors aimed at committing the crime. Therefore, we understand modus operandi as the method of execution or acting of the murderer. This method is not static, it changes over time as the author of the crime begins to gain experience.
Again, the study of the modus operandi leads us to the sample of many details of the murderer in various aspects such as:
- A skill, profession or certain knowledge. For example, in the case of Jack the Ripper, where by the mutilations and his precision it was assumed that he was a surgeon doctor.
- A possible relationship between aggressor-victim
- The familiarity of the aggressor with the crime scene
Signature
Or also known as the criminal personal card because the firm implies important identification signs of the aggressor’s personality. These can be rituals, mutilations, torture and these are static do not change follow a definite pattern, regardless of the time that has passed between victim and victim. This shows what he wanted to convey with these crimes, and unlike modus operandi if it is static in time. That is why the firm is a fundamental element for the researcher, especially in the cases of serial murderers, since the firm will confirm the relationship of crimes with the same aggressor.
Victimology
The victim’s role can often be decisive, to know why and who wanted to kill her. In the case of serial murderers, victims usually follow a pattern such as age, hair color … in the book El Trace del Asesino, Garrido presents the basic elements to make the victim’s profile, where among others traits includes age, sex, way of dressing, etc.
Geographical profile
The geographical profile is a criminal investigation methodology that analyzes the location of the crimes of a series to determine the area in which the author of the facts residing is more likely. The technique is normally applied in serial cases, although it can also be used in cases where only one crime has been observed, provided that this is related to several locations on which to base the profile.
Maybe with an example you understand better. My last reading was the silence of the White City, although the movie is being released, the book spares in details. Following the example of my last reading I put you in a situation. Vitoria, double crimes begin. The murderer’s modus was to capture the victims, in this case two per crime, he transferred it to a separated place and then kill them.
Types and forms of crime
Victims were killed with poison (Tejo Tree), which changed about it in the last crimes, since the last victims were killed by suffocation due to bees in the throat. As you can see the modus operandi is not static and evolves as time passes. However, the murderer’s sign after twenty years had passed since the first crimes remained the same. This left the bodies, in emblematic places of Vitoria, naked with one hand supported by the face of the other and surrounded by Eguzkilores (Flor del Sol).
As I mentioned before, the victims were two per crime. A man and a woman, of the same ages. As more crimes were committed, the ages were increasing, that is, it began with a couple of babies, it continued with children, 15, 20 … that is why the role of the victims in this investigation was fundamental, it was fundamental, since, if the murderer had killed a 30 -year -old couple, the next one would be 35.
The serial killer
The definition given by López in his work tells us that a serial killer is: a man or woman who commits, in a space of time, three or more murders separated by a time of insensitive emotion, which may or may not be of nature sexual. What motivates you to follow? Why does he relate to murders? What happens for your minds? All these questions that arise, can be answered through the different phases through which a serial murderer passes.
- ÁUREA PHASE: The aggressor begins to move away from reality, this phase can occur even before the first crime. They are that person’s fantasies and how they develop. But the fact of developing the ideas they have in his mind increases the intensity of what he wants to satisfy.
- Fishing phase: The murderer begins to look for his victim. This phase is related to the search for a location, a victim who looks like that of his fantasies. Imagine that the murderer’s fantasy is a blonde woman, brown eyes, between 20 and 30 years.
- Seduction phase: The important thing for the murderer is to make fun of the victim’s defenses giving them a false feeling of security. There are many serial murderers, which are so seductive that anyone would not hesitate to them, in addition to having a harmless appearance.
- Capture phase: it is a kind of sadistic game in which he usually enjoyed notoriously, as if he had a trap to a helpless animal.
- Murder phase: this phase as a ritual that represents the childhood of the murderer, but this time in reverse. Now he has control and can do what he wants with his victim. Torture, degradation and violation usually precede murder. Depersonalizes the victim, and ends up killing her. Many stay next to the body after their death, others have sex, because of excitement, is what is known as necrophilia.
- Fetishist phase: One of the most common things we observe in serial killers is the desire to save trophies. Save something that reminds you of that murder.
- Depressive phase: moves away from his fantasy and returns to reality, as a general rule they fall into depression. This is why the reason that some of the murderers reincid into His next crime and fulfill his fantasy.
Conclusions
With all the information provided in this essay. Are you able to solve the aforementioned question? No, with the latest data we can conclude that not only is there a biological cause that predisposes certain people to have criminal behaviors, but it is a combination of the different factors commented above. But, even so, after numerous studies and several years trying to solve the question, it is still an unknown for the different experts in the field.
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