Convection on the rights of people with disabilities
The Convention is an international treaty that clarifies the rights of people with disabilities. The countries that have adhered to the Convention agree.
The Convention represents a paradigm shift in the approach of people with disabilities, of a model that considers people with disabilities as objects of medical care, charity and social protection to a model that recognizes people with disabilities as the holder of the human rights, actively participate in decisions that affect their lives and can claim their rights.
Civil rights and political rights are rights that a person can carry out as: right to vote, the right to participate in government decisions, right to a fair trial and enjoy the same legal protection rights as other citizens. The protection of cultural rights encourages a person to enjoy their own culture. The protection and promotion of social rights arouse the person who are members of society, as the right to education and right to health. The protection of economic rights cause human economic security and independence, as well as the right to work.
Any country can corroborate the relevant convention convention related to adhesion to the treaty. Regional integration organizations can also confirm the Convention. The regional organization consists of sovereign states that determine the region, and these sovereign states have transferred their powers in the affairs covered by the Convention. An example is the European Union that has the ability to combat discrimination, discrimination against people with disabilities and signatory to the Convention.
The Convention will combine typical periodic reports for the monitoring of the meetings of the States Parties, the Convention established an international monitoring agency composed of 12 experts, when the number of States parties reaches 60 and the number of members increases to 18, All parties in the Convention, including regional integration organizations, must submit a complete report within two years of adhesion.
The Committee will carry out audiences, accept the opinions of other entities, transmit conclusions and recommendations on the following aspects, carried out by the informant party. The States Parties must designate one or more coordination mechanisms within the Government for issues related to the implementation of the Convention and Review of the possibility of establishing mechanisms, coordinating to promote activities related to the application of the Convention in different sectors and levels of government.
The State State has to include people with disabilities in national surveillance and application mechanisms, in addition, it should also establish an independent framework in the form of a national institution, responsible for the promotion, protection and supervision of national human rights. States can appoint an existing human rights commission or an defender to assume this role or establish an independent organization specifically related to it.
The optional protocol empowers the rights committee of people with disabilities to review any personal complaint about rights violations. The Convention stipulates that when the person has exhausted the resources at the national level, the States Parties of the Convention must be signed separately, ratified by the optional protocol, and must be part of the Convention, on July 1, 2008, there were 18 Contracting States This protocol entered into force in 2008 on May 3.
International human rights instruments promote and protect the human rights of all people, including people with disabilities; However, these people are usually deprived of their fundamental rights and freedoms. The Convention does not establish new rights, but clarifies the legal obligation of the countries to respect and guarantee the enjoyment of these. In the Convention, aspects such as accessibility, inclusion, participation and non -discrimination are specified, the measure to which these tools apply to people with disabilities to ensure that they enjoy their human rights, terms such as reasonable adjustment and universal design are used to comply with With the obligations.
The fighting centers to support the Convention against the Mines must: Involve the National Civil Society authorities in promoting the approval and application of the Convention, ensuring that the center supports the policies or programs for assistance to Victims, make sure the personnel can approach the center of action against the mines and make the public information distributed by the Disabled Center accessible, produce data on victims and information about the services provided to the survivors of the victims.
The United Nations Team for MAY RELATED ACTIVITIES MUST BE CARRIED OUT. They are governed by the legal framework developed by international instruments that prevent or control the use of land mines and the elimination of explosive war remains; The instruments of International Humanitarian Law on the rules of war and civil population protection and survivors affected by land mines and explosive remains.
Inter -institutional policy establishes that the United Nations are prepared to help programs to meet the needs of the victims of land mines and explosive war remains that start from a national plan to address the needs of all people with disabilities.
The Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities provides a framework and guidance for the implementation of policies, strategies, rules and activities.
Once the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, the UN General Assembly aligns the rights of persons with disabilities to become a reality and be able to help ensure the convention; The Center for Action Against Minas is applicable in the world, can cooperate with national authorities and civil society formations and thus be able to urge national authorities.
It is urgent that the national authorities take the following measures: sign the ‘Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities’, ratify the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, ensure that the Convention becomes part of International Law, Apply the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities and the Center for Action Against Minas must promote approval.
The fear of the unknown, lack of experience, incorrect or distorted information and lacks knowledge, is one of the obstacles that people with disabilities must face when they participate in their own community. There are 650 million people with disabilities and it is necessary to present them solemn and correctly, consciousness is the first step towards change.
People with disabilities live a normal life and must be presented as community members, therefore, they must be shown as follows: people with disabilities suffer the same pain and happiness as other people, and therefore must be shown to Employees to work together, and finally must be presented to these people as they are as their own people through their defects and skills
When referring to people with disabilities we must use a correct language, many times we use terms that are not appropriate below the appropriate terminology: ‘Victim’, instead of that word you have used a person who has suffered; ‘Listed "or’ invalid ‘, instead of that word, person with disabilities will be used,’ normal ‘most people use this term to refer to a person without disabilities, because they should be called a person without disabilities,’ suffering ” suffering ‘ The correct expression is a person who has.
At the time of interviewing a person with disabilities, we must be relaxed, conduct the interview as if we were with any other person, the questions must be clearly and frankly, clarify terms or problems when necessary and clearly indicate what the Main interest, the moment and place in history, you must talk to people with disabilities directly and not through your caregiver.
Therefore, when interviewing a person with hearing impairment to get their attention, he starts touching his shoulder or doing a sign, if the auditory disability is partial, he asks where they prefer that we are sitting, in case the person reads lips, he is You should stare at them, slowly and clearly, you should not exaggerate the movement of the lip or voice, you must speak in an expressive way since our facial expressions, gestures and body movements will allow the user to understand much better, And finally we must place ourselves towards the light source, we must bear in mind that we do not cover our mouths with our hands or eat when talking.
Whenever you will interview people with visual disabilities, we must always identify and identify other people present, to be able to shake hands with you ‘Can we shake hands?”, When you want to provide a seat, the person’s hand is guided towards the back of the seat or her arm, it should be indicated when we are going to move or when the conversation is going to end.
On the other hand, the interview is done to a person with speech disabilities, questions must be asked as short as possible, in which the user can answer in a short way, in case he does not understand any question, the Ask if the case merits it; On the other hand, when interviewing someone who uses wheel or crutch chair, something very important is that the place is accessible and if there is any problem in the interview place, the interviewee should communicate about what to do or propose a different plan, The interviewer should not support the wheelchair, since the chair is part of his vital space, the interviewer must sit or kneel so that his eyes are at the same level as those of the interviewee.
The World Organization of People with Disabilities (OMPD) is a network of national organizations of people with disabilities, aims to promote the human rights of this group of people through full participation, equal opportunities and development. International inclusion is a world federation of family organizations that is responsible for defending the human rights of people who have intellectual disabilities worldwide.
We also have the International Disability Alliance (IDA) organization which represents more than 600 million people with disabilities worldwide, it is formed by eight organizations that are related to disability, these organizations are: World Blind Union, Federation World Deaf, international rehabilitation, survivors of psychiatry, world organization of people with disabilities, international inclusion, world federation of deaf and blind people and world user network and international federation of people with hearing problems.
The International Federation of Persons with Hearing Problems (IFHOH) helps all people with auditory disabilities including the family, together with the International Federation of Youth with Hearing problems, this Federation is mainly composed of European countries and by youth organizations nationwide and regional, dedicated to young people with hearing impairment from around the world, does a sensitization work on national and international disability through young activities from 18 to 35 years with auditory problems.
International Rehabilitation (RI) is a global network of people with disabilities, who defend and monitor the rights of people with disabilities, it has more than 700 members and party organizations in 100 countries of the world. The World Blind Union is the only organization in the world that speaks for people with visual disabilities; It incorporates 162 million people with visual disabilities of more than 600 organizations in 158 countries and regions.
In conclusion, the Convention is an international treaty, which is responsible for clarifying the rights of people with disabilities, this convention represents a paradigm shift in the approach adopted towards people with disabilities, from a model that treats people with people with Disability as objects of medical care, charity and social protection, a model that treats people with disabilities as holders of their rights.
The States Parties to the Convention on the Prohibition of Antipersonal Mines and Convention on Certain Conventional Weapons has the obligation to provide assistance to survivors of land mines and remains of war explosives, for people with disabilities they will be provided with a framework to address the needs of survivors and fully guaranteeing their human rights. The ‘Convention on Munitions in Racimo’ requires that future States parties provide assistance to victims in accordance with International Humanitarian Law.
Civil and political rights are rights that a person can perform. The protection of cultural rights encourages a person to enjoy their own culture, the protection and promotion of social rights creates members of society, such as the right to education and the right to health, the protection of economic rights has produced human economic security and independence and the right to work.
International Human Rights instruments promote and protect the human rights of all citizens, including people with disabilities; However, these people are usually deprived of their fundamental rights and freedoms. The Convention does not establish new rights, but clarifies that countries must respect and guarantee human rights to people with disabilities on equal terms, this convention defines certain aspects such as accessibility, inclusion, participation and non -discrimination.
After the UN General Assembly adopts the ‘Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities’, the rights of persons with disabilities should come true and thus be able to guarantee that the convention is applied worldwide.
Bibliography
- Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (2008) recovered from: https: // www.Ohchr.Org/Documents/Publications/Advocacytool_SP.PDF
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