Classic Greek culture
Introduction
Classical Greek culture, which has its origins in Cretan civilization, is one of the pillars of our Western civilization. It is in Greece where democracy arises for the first time, where philosophy appears where the human being begins to question its existence, or where beauty cannons are postulated.
Developing
The exact origin of the term golden section is quite uncertain. It is usually located in Germany, in the middle of the nineteenth century. Many have been the artists, humanists and mathematicians who have treated him, although under a different nick. This proportion has played an important role in the attempts to find a mathematical explanation of beauty, to reduce is to a number, to find "the ideal figure"
The first to do a normal study on the golden number was Euclid, about three centuries to.C. In his work the elements. Euclid defined its value by saying that a straight line is divided into the end and its proportional when the entire line is to the major segment as the largest is the minor
In other words, two positive numbers and are by urea reason if and only (a+b) / a = a / b. The value of this relationship is a number that, as Euclides also demonstrated. It cannot be described as the reason for two whole numbers (that is, it is irrational and has infinite decimal) whose approximate value is 1.6180339887498 ……
Pythagoras obtained the golden proportion from the disintegration of a pentagonal star in segments whose parts were proportional to each other (golden section) so that if they have four line segments proportional to each other with the urea section, the sum of the first two sectionsof line is equal to the length of the third segment;This will also happen when adding the second with the third section resulting equal to the length of the fourth segment
Ptolemy theorem: it is a cyclic quadrilateral, the sum of opposite sides products is equal to the product of its diagonals.
This is given an ABCD cyclic quadrilateral whose sides (consecutive) are a, b, and d and their diagonals are E and f then ac+bd = ef
The gold number, or (fl) in memory of the Greek sculptor Fidias is the most famous of the sculptors of ancient Greece, painter and architect, belongs to the first Greek classism. FIDAS DESIGN The sculpture of the goddess Athens in the acropolis of Athens (Athena Portes within the PARENÓN and Athens Promacos) and the colossal statue of Zeus in Olimpia.
Fidias used in the construction of his knowledge of beauty and harmony inherent to the golden number to fix the dimensions of the entire building and place the sculptural details. In their design the architects must have carried out numerous studies and models, and the architectural complex together, and in each of its parts the golden division is present.
Regarding the part, the facade is a golden rectangle. Despite having a convex form, it maintains the golden relationship for its diagonals, which remain those of a golden rectangle. Few buildings have the elegance of the part. Some say that many of their measures keep the golden reason.
conclusion
The Greeks sought beauty and the perfect way to express it and this found it giving a perfect realism to their sculptures. The Parthenon is a Doric temple Octosthyl which means that it has eight columns on the two shortest facades and 17 columns on the sides. Pythagoras based in the south of the italic peninsula, established a system of proportions that linked architecture with mathematics, setting the principles that a temple should have, based on numerical values, to determine its symmetry.
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