Child and discipline behavior
Introduction
For years, professionals from different disciplines have conducted numerous research about human development and in a particular way of the child’s development in its initial stages, there has always been the notion that the first years of life are the basis of the future of the adult,The studies that have been advanced since then have focused on identifyThe human being develops.
Although emphasis is placed on the conditions of the environment, the role of genetics in the development of the human being cannot be neglected, leading to several questions: is the human being born, or is it done?, Which factor, inheritance or environment, has the greatest impact on neurological development?, Does the talents and skills of the parents inherit?, If so, why some people develop abilities and abilities from those of their family?
Developing
Biological theories consider the genetic component as an epicenter of development, in them the inheritance determines not only the physical and psychological and cognitive features of the person, the changes are given in a linear form through biological maturation processes. Subsequently, some theorists such as Piaget, Freud, Skinner, Bandura and Vigotsky, among others, conducted studies and research in various dimensions of the human being, giving room for a series of theories that although they recognize the role of genetics in the biological structure of the organism, give greater importance to environmental conditions.
The formation of the child’s brain begins from the moment of conception when the cells begin to divide and organize, in the eighteen days the neural plate has formed and a month there is already a primitive brain in which neurons multiply quickly,They specialize and migrate to different areas, according to the function they are going to act, it should be remembered that the brain is divided into areas or lobes, each in charge of different functions.
In the last quarter, the synapses process or communication between neurons begins through electrical and chemical processes in which the fetus reacts to the different stimuli that reach the womb. Gestation time is essential for neuronal development, the mother’s physical, nutritional and emotional conditions constitutes the basis for the formation of the human being that is on its way, factors such as malnutrition, alcohol consumption, cigarettes and psychoactive substances,Exposure to stress, infections and viruses, among others, directly affect the fetus and its physical and neuronal development.
From birth, the child enters an intense and constant interaction with the environment, the first six years are valuable and priority, it is the stage where the greatest changes in their motor skills, cognition, partner affectivity and communication are evidenced, at the levelNeurological is given a lot of neuronal connections or synapses mediated by stimulation and experience with the natural and social environment that will allow it to consolidate basic learning and increasingly complex and fundamental abilities for life.
At this stage the attention of basic needs, adequate nutrition, rest, affection, communication and game constitute the key elements for the neurological development of the child, and interaction with the physical environment, family,kindergarten and suitable spaces to optimize their abilities. Next we will explain some of the most important:
According to documents generated by the Ministry of Health in 2015, timely care in health and assistance to promotion and prevention programs P and P, both in pregnancy and in the first years of life, help reduce the risks ofcertain diseases, to detect early growth and development alterations, to the implementation of breastfeeding and adequate nutrition.
It is evident as in recent years the use of formula milk in newborns and the consumption of junk and junk food in children as a result of socio -economic, cultural factors and the influence of the media;These programs help to educate and create awareness about the importance of care, early stimulation and the importance of the affective link between parents and children in an increasingly convulsed world where there is no time to be parents and the role is relegated to thirdpeople, institutions and other elements of the television, the computer, the mobile and sophisticated toys.
conclusion
The affection in early stages in addition to sleep and nutrition is essential for neurobiological maturation and the emotional, motor and cognitive development of children … It allows the baby to adapt to the environment, regulate their anxiety, trust itself, seek their autonomy and,mainly, regulate the functioning of all brain structures related to emotions and behavior.
The game, meanwhile, has multiple benefits for the neurological development of the child, helps in the evolution of complex thinking processes, executive functions planning, choice, classification, decision, problem solving, thick and fine motor domain toThrough the exploration of the physical environment and the manipulation of objects, it helps in the process of socialization and communication with the other, to establish affective links leading the child to establish more neuronal connections cerebral plasticity, to learning and their emotional development.
In conclusion, the stage that goes from the beginning of pregnancy to six years of life is important for the development of the human being, genetics and environment are the factors that affect the processes of training, myelinization and primordial brain plasticity forThe development of the vital functions of the organism, learning, motor, cognitive, emotional and social skills that will be the basis for a lifetime.
Bibliography
- Campos, a.L. (2010). Early childhood: a look from neuroeducation. OAS-OEC
- Childhood, Education and Learning (IEYA). Vol. 1, No. 1, pp. 162-177. ISSN: 0719-6202
- Mece.J.L. (2001). Child and adolescent development. Compendium for educators. First edition. Mexico.
- Ministry of Health (2015). Project for Comprehensive Health Care of pregnant women, children and girls from Early Childhood. Bogotá. Zuluaga Gómez J.A. Initial neurodevelopment and education. Borders and encounters of utopias and dreams. National university of Colombia.
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