Breast cancer, cancer with the highest incidence according to WHO
Breast cancer is the process in which health. J & Juárez. P, 2014;Let’s talk about breast cancer, 2011).
For Martín. M, blacksmith. A & Echavarría, breast cancer does not give symptoms or signs until the disease has acquired a remarkable development. However, when they appear, the signs that are more frequent in the disease are;Tumors in the breast, so it is important to highlight that most of the tumors that occur in women before menopause are benign.
Likewise, there are changes in the breast skin such as;Redness, skin retraction, nipple eczema, orange skin, arm swelling, nipple retraction, abnormal secretions and lumps in the armpit (2015, p. 4).
Currently, it is one of the largest incidence cancers worldwide according to the World Health Organization (WHO) cited by the National Institute of Statistics and Geography (INEGI) in 2014, 1 1.38 million new cases and about 458 thousand people die for this cause.
However, the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO, 2018) states that cancer is the second cause of death in the Americas, since in 2018 caused 1.3 million deaths and 3.7 million new cases were detected.
It is also estimated that about 30% of cancer cases can be cured if they are detected early and treated properly. It is also important to mention that it is expected that the number of cases will increase by 32% exceeding 5 million new cases by 2030.
In addition to the above, every year in the Americas more than 462,000 thousand women are diagnosed with breast cancer, and almost 100,000 thousand die from this disease of agreement, to the figures presented by the World Health Organization (WHO, 2018).
In addition, to emphasize that it is the most common cancer among women and occupies second in mortality. Another important point is that in Latin America and the Caribbean the highest percentage of breast cancer deaths occurs in women under 65 years with 56% compared to countries such as: United States and Canada represented 37%. However, many Latin American and Caribbean countries continue to have limited access to these interventions.
On the other hand, the American Society of Clinical Oncology (Asco, 2019) points out that in 2019 it was considered that the 5 -year survival rate of women with invasive breast cancer is 90%, unlike the rate A10 years that is about 83%.
However, if cancer is alone in the breast, the 5 -year survival rate is 99% and around 62% in people with breast cancer are diagnosed at this stage. On the other hand, if the disease has spread towards the regional lymph nodes, the 5 -year rate will be 85%, but, if cancer has metastasis the 5 -year survival rate will be 27%.
On the other hand, in Mexico breast cancer is among the first causes of death and in women it is presented as the malignant tumor with the greatest health impact, since morbidity and mortality rates are high. Between the population aged 20 and more.
Likewise, three out of 10 women, who suffer from cancer have malignant breast tumor, so it is considered the main malignant neoplasm for the female population in the country with about 15.24 deaths per 100,000 women, according to the National Institute of Statistics and Geography (INEGI), 2017.
According to the National Institute of Statistics and Geography (INEGI) in its publication of “Statistics on World Cancer Day” (2018), he says that during the period from 2011 to 2016 in Mexico, breast cancer isHe found within the five main types of cancer that stand out as a cause of mortality in the population aged 30 to 69. In turn, I highlight as the third cause of death by malignant tumors in the female population.
Currently, in Veracruz the last data cut was in 2017 where it was projected that breast cancer occupies a rate of 18.2, so they present 424 deaths per 100,000 women between 25 years and more. Likewise, the National Health Information System (SINAIS), reports that health jurisdictions that have the highest mortality rate for breast cancer in 2017 were;Veracruz (105), Xalapa (70), Coatzacoalcos (63), Córdoba (44), Poza Rica (33) and Martínez de la Torre (31) (Sectorial Health Program of Veracruz, 2019).
At present, nursing plays a very important role in patient care, specifically in primary health care, since it is in charge of health education programs and intervenes from consultations, educational workshops, etc.
However, today there are various studies on breast self-exploration such as;Level of knowledge in women between 20 and 59 years, level of knowledge and practice on breast exploration, etc. The results conclude at good knowledge level, but the practice level is always low (Vega. P, Roldán. P, Rodríguez. M, rivers. And, Gómez. S, Tejero. A & Vega. Á, 2015).
On the other hand, in recent decades the fight against breast cancer has counterattacked with secondary treatment and prevention, through techniques such as "breast self-exploration", but it has not been shown that mortality is shown to reduce,Despite existing programs centered to women’s attention
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