Analysis to the Communist Party Manifesto
Introduction.
“The whole history of human society, until today, is a story of class struggles."
Karl Marx gives a key start with the previous phrase, since it makes a preamble of the content that is in its writing;And, in effect, one of the most relevant aspects and touched by the German philosopher is precisely that: the radical and visible division in the social hierarchy. Classify them into two simple groups: oppressors and oppressed, who, according to their thinking, only change their name based on the treated time;“In ancient Rome are the patricians, the ouqus, the commoners, the slaves;In the Middle Ages, the feudal lords, the vassals, the teachers and the officers of the guilds, the servants of the Gleba."
This means that man, since there are organized civilizations, tends to separate people, taking as the main foundation the power they possess: the oppressor takes the advantage over the oppressed, who must comply with the desires of his superior;This system is creating competition and the desire to climb to the top of the classes, which originates an environment of belligerence.
Similarly, Marx was a man who thought according to his perspective of the facts, therefore, he had to be informed about them;In his work, he emphasizes that "the revolutionary bourgeoisie" who was born from among the ashes of feudalism, is nothing but another form of oppression, because what began as a movement against the feudal lords, ended with the accelerated slopeAbove the bourgeois, allowing them to acquire authority over the working class in analysis of the communist manifesto;He also mentions that part of this ascent is due to the facilities offered by the industrial revolution, that is, new technologies (such as steam engine) that inflated the needs of the market, and turned production and transport into somethingcheaper, simple and lucrative.
However, on this occasion, transport will not be limited to raw material (agriculture: vegetables, fruit, oil), but will cover the "finished products", destined to meet the needs of the human being;And just as it will not be limited in content, transport will not be of a national nature only, but would pass the borders of the countries, turning the bourgeois system into a world concept;Karl Marx describes him as an unstoppable monster, which is making his way in all possible places, bourgeois against proletariat.
In the words of the German philosopher: “The invention of steam and machinery came to revolutionize the industrial production regime. The manufacturing gave the position to the great modern industry, and the industrial middle class had to give way to the magnates of the industry, the great industry created the world market, already prepared by the discovery of America. The world market printed a gigantic boost to trade, navigation, communications by land.
In turn, these, progress reduced considerably for the benefit of the industry, and in the same proportion in which industry, commerce, navigation, railroads developed, the bourgeoisie developed, their capitals grew (…) the need forFind the bourgeoisie to another from one from the planet.
Analysis to the Communist Manifesto
I consider that in the following paragraphs, the message that Marx wants to give is "everything in excess is bad";He suggests that the same bourgeoisie created its destruction, since its production sought to extend more and more, which resulted in products not sold, that is, since there were a large number of industries whose purpose is profit, the result will be a surplus that representslosses;Marx calls this "the crisis of capitalism", the result of the ambitious system lacking any regulation, and in his opinion, those affected are those who are part of the proletariat, because although the bourgeois owner of the media will lose profits, he will have the opportunity tolevel your losses;This through the cut of employees, investments, etc.
In a nutshell, the only truly affected would be the workers, because they would suffer the layoffs and their salary attends to the company’s fluctuations. Another point to highlight is the fact that capitalism is designed to keep the worker as a worker, and the employer as the employer. This conclusion arises from the analysis that Karl Marx gives to wages, because this is nothing more than the strictly necessary to subsist. The payment obtained was only enough to acquire basic accessories such as food, shoes, clothing, whose price increased constantly.
Because of this, the money obtained. The salary can be defined as insufficient, so the worker looks at the need to take his family with more income, without age or sex;To summarize, they took care that the worker was dependent on the bourgeois, and thus maintain control over them, that is, great production at low prices.
However, Marx concludes the first part of the communist manifesto with this phrase: “And thus, when the great industry develops, the bourgeoisie sees the bases on its feet on its feet on which it produces and appropriates what produced. And as long as progress, his pit is digged and raises his own burials. His death and the triumph of the proletariat without equally inevitable."
Thing that motivates him to have that impetuous thought, are the arguments he exposes in the preceding paragraphs, where he recounts that the bourgeoisie keeps conflicts with different sectors of society: among the nations, within the country, bourgeois with different ideas, the same proletariat,etc.
This would cause dismissals, affecting the proletariat again, and making it more aware of the precarious situation of entrepreneurs, so the revolutions would begin;In the beginning disorganized, however, successful in the long term, since its number was increasing. Its success is that the bourgeoisie realizes that they need the proletariat to subsist, and therefore, they must meet their demands, the common interest between the workers.
Citing the text: “This organization of the proletarians as a class, which so that is to say as a political party, is undermined every moment by the concurrence unleashed between the workers themselves. But it always advances and triumphs, despite everything, increasingly strong, firmer, more thriving. And taking advantage of
Proletarians and communists
The hypothesis that is handled in the next phase of the writing, answers the following question: “What relationship does the communists keep with the proletarians in general?"Although both concepts could be handled as synonyms, since many similarities keep from each other, Marx states that there is a point that distinguishes each other.
“The communists are not distinguished from the other proletarian parties other than this: in which they always highlight and claim, in each and every one of the proletarian national actions, the common and peculiar interests of the entire proletariat, independent of their nationality, andin which, whatever the historical stage in which the struggle between the proletariat and the bourgeoisie moves, always maintain the interest of the movement focused on their cojunct."
This means that the interests of the proletariat can vary according to the country in which they are, since the conditions are not the same, and therefore, its desires either;Otherwise, communism does not seek specific national interests, but the general benefit of the working class, that is, lead to the top of power to workers, overthrowing the bourgeoisie.
It emphasizes, then, that what distinguishes communism is not the abolition of property, but from the private property that the bourgeoisie has on the work of another human, appropriating the profits that correspond to another. Later, he tries to refute the arguments used by the capitalists, such as that the communists trywork, and that the bourgeois is a mere exploited.
He states that capital produced by workers should not be a personal gain, but a common good for the society in which they live. “Being a capitalist is to occupy a position, not simply personal, but social, in the production process. Capital is a collective product and cannot be launched more than by the cooperation of many individuals, and it could still be said that, strictly speaking, this cooperation covers the common activity of all individuals in society. Capital is, therefore, a personal heritage, but a social power."
Another aspect that debates against the capitalists, is that they put the communists as people who seekPrivate of this right to property, in summary, it calls them "hypocrites", therefore, what communism in general seeks.
Socialist and communist literature
1. Feudal socialism, which was nothing more and nothing less than the bad losers of the fall of feudalism, who used literature to attack the bourgeois, and thus return to their position of power, however, they were not taken seriously, oreven for the working class.
two. The small socialism were those bourgeois whose geographical place did not offer advantages over more developed countries, which caused envy towards the most successful, and although they revolved around modern capitalism, they still did not succeed completely.
3. The German or ‘true’ socialism socialist and communist literature of France, born under the pressure of a ruling bourgeoisie and literary expression of the struggle freed against its overwhelming, was imported in Germany at the same moment when the bourgeoisie began to shakeThe yoke of feudal absolutism.
4. Burgo or conservative socialism is a part of the bourgeoisie wants to mitig. Economists are found on this side,
The philanthropists, the humanitarian, who aspire to improve the situation of the workers’ classes, the organizers of charity acts, the animal protective societies, the promoters of campaigns against alcoholism, the preachers and social reformers of the whole.
Communist attitude before the other opposition parties
Finally, it emphasizes that, despite the differences that exist between the concept of communism in different countries, in the end it will be accepted as long as it keeps its primary point, the abolition of private property, in other words, ensures that communism isattached to several countries. Finishing the writing with the following sentence: “The communists do not have to keep their ideas and intentions undercover. They openly declare that their objectives can only be achieved by overthrowing violence all existing social order. They tremble, if they want, the ruling classes, before the perspective of a communist revolution. The proletarians, with her, have nothing to lose, of course their chains. They have, instead, a whole world to win.
Bibliography
- Engels, k. M. (1848). Manifesto of the Communist Party. Retrieved on September 27, 2019.
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