Influential Causes/Factors In Child Abuse

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Influential Causes/Factors in Child Abuse

Child abuse has existed from the beginning of humanity. There are stories of ill -treatment towards children described in various media. Many of them justified according to the time. Long has been the way since the first cases of abuse in minors were published and since the end of the last century it was described as a world public health problem. Today the prevalence of child abuse is unknown because most cases are not diagnosed.

The causes are multiple and some of those described in the revised literature lead us to the fact that it is generally occurs in the family, it occurs in children, there is fear of making the complaint, professionals do not recognize it (either because of the poor training on the subject, the fear of making mistakes in the diagnosis or denouncing it). But at present there are still myths and false beliefs rooted in the population about this issue that we would like to comment.

Let’s analyze some:

• The abuse is carried out by people with some mental illness as well as by alcohol and drug addicts: there is the wrong belief that normal people, without psychiatric diseases, do not commit abuse of children. It is true that there is no single pattern for which we can guide us of an abuser who are easy to identify in all cases. If certain characteristics have been described such as: parents with lack of skills to educate their children, little tolerance to inappropriate frustrations and expressions of anger, feelings of incompetence, social isolation, they perceive their children as a source of stress as well as non -realistic expectationsWith the children.
• Child abuse does not occur in families with a high socioeconomic level: child abuse has been identified in all families, both low and high socioeconomic level. What happens is that more cases occur among families with low socioeconomic level because they present less resources to face it.
• Child abuse is not frequent: there is a belief that it is the family that provides affection therefore there is no violence in the family.
• Violence and love do not exist at the same time: it is considered that if there is family violence this is a maintained situation and therefore there is no love for children or their parents. However, there are many children who, despite being mistreated, love their parents and this coexistence of violence and love, makes the child grow learning that violence is acceptable.
• Child abuse is physical abuse: it is a restrictive vision of the problem built and promoted through the media giving preferential importance to cases with physical injuries and sexual abuse. In contrast, there is a high tolerance to "mild" physical abuse, psychological and negligence.
• Any intervention in the face of these children must have the total certainty of the diagnosis of abuse: this prevents registering in the medical records made or risk factors, which could lead to a preventive or early action.

On the other hand there are other factors that influence the real knowledge of abuse:

• Many cases are not diagnosed: for several casusas, including: are:
• It is not always easy to diagnose it because it is not suspected
• There are difficulties in differentiating them from accidents product of accidents
• The absence of an omnicompreneive definition, which allows them to recognize them without great

difficulties

• Scarce or no professional and postgraduate professional training on the subject, which prevents identifying injuries
• The personal criteria of the optional itself: considering physical punishment as a measure of discipline and not as abuse, all childhood accidents are avoidable, and therefore would be ill -treatment and vice versa, they can be part of social, cultural or religious customs thatThe doctor shares

Child abuse is diagnosed but not reported because:

• It is not known for sure, although it is suspected, as they have occurred (there is fear of making mistakes)
• Personal concerns of the doctor: legal (having to declare), economic (loss of hours of work, loss of customers), comfort (transfer to the court if you have to give a statement), fear (parental reaction)
• Sometimes the injuries are considered unimportant or on the contrary the doctor focuses more on the healing of the injuries that it brings in child than by the course of events
• Fear of thinking that issuing a part of injuries is equivalent to making a complaint
• Many doctors who, when communicating the suspicion of a mistreatnecessary to separate the child from their parents

Each specific or united to another or others mentioned can cause that the cases of child abuse are not diagnosed and with it the sub -registration that exists.

We, as health professionals belonging to primary care we have a privileged position because we serve a population formed by families that we know. We all have to convince ourselves that violence is modifiable once we know the risk factors that lead to abuse in risk families in our care area and thus relevant measures can be taken to avoid this phenomenon.

For this, the Academic Committee for the Prevention of Child Abuse (known by its acronym CAPMI) maintains since 2007, through the use of computer technology and communication, periodically information on this issue of both health workers andto the general population and that can be found on the website prevention of child abuse.