Why of Evil: The Lucifer effect
INTRODUCTION
The work of the Lucifer effect, the reason for the evil that has as its starting point a psychosocial exercise in the Stanford prison, which begins with a demonstration of the incidence of impacts that a given context can have, that the behavior of the beings of the beings beingshumans and the evaluation of a behavior, in which the habitat affects the individuals who coexist in the.
In addition, it should be considered that Mr. Zimbardo, generalize his experience in stating that "all prisons are material metaphors of the loss of freedom that we all feel in different ways and for different reasons" for it and as social psychologists we wanted to understand the psychological barriersthat create prisons among people ”(Zimbardo)
The theme of the text is developed on a research process, which was carried out at Stanford University, with the aim of analyzing social dynamics, which affects the psychology of a given prison situation. Through this study it was possible to understand the fact that young students, who had no criminal record or emotional problems or physical limitations and enjoyed a psychosocial acceptance, voluntarily joined to participate in this project, which aims to study the study of thelife in a jail.
It was also considered that participants in this research could be transformed, so that they can commit shocking and horrific acts in other situations and other contexts other than prison, does the author tell us “if we place good people inA bad place? The person triumphs or ends corrupted by the place ”(page 45)
This work was born from the analysis of some events that occurred in Palo Alto California in 1971, they changed the quiet and accommodated life of a few inhabitants. Because the facts occurred questioned the system of values that exisracist practices. Likewise, the female liberation movement arose, which pretended that the woman ceased to be seen as a second category citizen. Likewise, the Vietnam War was leaving in North American society an insolerable amount of dead for the affected citizens, given this given situation a collective identity among the citizens who rejected racism, gender inequality and the death of young people and the death of young people and the death of young peoplein the war.
At this crucial moment for the social history of the United States, it is so that Professor Zimbardo makes the decision to carry out an experiment with people of different ages and social class with good history with the purpose of evaluating the behavior and verifying whether they get carried away byEvil. In addition, he intended to observe the different behaviors that people who have a collective identity have and compare them with the behaviors of other citizens living in anonymity.
Given this comparison I conclude that anonymity conditions can promote antisocial behavior, when we feel that others do not know us, because the value of personal responsibility is lost and the concept of citizenship is reduced. It was established that these different behaviors are replicated in school, company and prison.
II. SYNTHESIS OF THE BOOK CONTENT The Lucifer effect
A. Chapter 1. The psychology of evil: transformation of character by the situation.
This chapter addresses the change of the person’s character for the situation in which he lives which develops in the search for separation between a good side and without cup and the perverse side of an individual. It is here where psychological studies identify psychological actions that say that goodness and evil has been, this will always be, the barrier between good and evil is permeable and nebula and angels can become demons and the most difficult thing is to imagine thatdemons can become angels.
The author tries to understand the transformation processes that act in individuals are good or normal and if they do something evil or vile, which calls the Lucifer effect. It also maintains the relationship between good and evil and addresses it from the following dispositions, situational and systemic.
Which Zimbardo systematically considers it from an essentialist notion that attributes behavior to dispositional factors and the incremental notion attributes it to situational factors. This shows when something unexpected happens or something that makes no sense, or acts unusually.
This chapter analyzes different psychological situations through experiments carried out previously from the dispositional, situational and systematic psychosocial perspective such as the Inquisition program, power systems exercise vertical domain, the power to create the enemy, crimesAgainst humanity, rape, genocide and terror, des humanization and moral disconnection in the laboratory and the study of the dark side of human nature.
B. Episode 2. Sunday: arrests by surprise.
On Sunday, August 14, 1971, Professor Zimbardo reflects on the movement of the black panthers who proclaim black pride to racist practices, the movement for the liberation of women emerges and is consolidating, the unpopular Vietnam War wasThe number of low day -to -day life is extending and increase.
This reveals the common evil or the common good, and this dichotomy generates the opportunity to raise a study about the sensation of environmental anonymity, the antisocial effects and that is how the idea of doing the experiment of the prison with a student of the University of the universityvoluntarily, assigning them different acting roles from prisoners such as prison guards, this day they begin to be arrested according to the experiment and each one takes their role as it corresponds to both police and detainees, acting according to their role beforeassigned.
C. Chapter 3. Sunday: degradation rituals.
In the research process, the rules of conduct of inmates and prisonThe oppressed.
Likewise, the rules that must be conducted and during this situation given each of the participants are adapted to their roles, a process in which they suffer incitement to the rebellion.
D. Chapter 4. Monday: inmates rebel.
This day is characterized by monotony and heaviness of a first day too long and a night that seemed endless and knowing that before a new day they would have to receive the same treatment or worse, and must endure.
Given this the inmates feel frustrated for having to endure the recklessness of the guards, hunger and lack of rest, which begins to gesture the rebellion. Likewise, in prison.
Likewise, some participants plan to abandon and question their participation in this laboratory, in the end some of the inmates or some of the participants decide to give up their participation and retire, the rumor within the inmates would emerge with others would return to destroy the prison and releaseTo the inmates.
AND. Chapter 5. Tuesday: visits and assailants.
This day, demonstrations of tiredness and tears begin to emerge, the small implemented prison begins to have a bad smell and characteristics of a normal prison where the prison guards refuse to give hygiene rules. Given this, inmates in the visit have a bad physical and emotional condition, their parents, friends and brides see them badly and raise requirements so that they can be in better conditions.
In this way the guards put new guidelines, however the previous norms continue to be carried out, losing the meaning and role of each one, so some of the students who make guards overreach from their role and become hostile and negative asThe mentality of a true jailer.
And the students who play the role of inmates begin to assume the real behavior of a deprived of liberty, so it begins to give increasing moon depersonalization and dehumanization of inmates in real life, before which some think about abandoning this laboratoryand the students who perform the role of authorities begin to implement measures to protect their institution and their safety from a possible riot, escape or a possible attack on jail to free the inmates, they also show the emergence of strategies and tactics thatThey occur in true prisons, which is observed when the authorities think of infiltrating an inmate, the inmates establish contacts with the outside world, which transforms the visits of this experiment into real life, where the visits become false.
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