Use of electricity as an alternative for land mobility
Using electricity as a sustainable and low cost for the operation of vehicles, is a great opportunity, because at present in a high percentage the cars work with fuel derived from oil, which when combustioning in the engines of these vehicles produce a large CO2 cloud, which pollutes daily. Make known alternatives that allow us to maintain the circulation of vehicles with another medium that does not cause a great impact of pollution in the city of Cuenca.
Initially the car was created in order to replace the horse, since people needed to transport themselves in less time and faster. This great idea occurred in 1886, by Mercedes-Benz, but the founders of the company did not realize that the fuel of said vehicle was going to damage the environment in which they lived.
In the city of Cuenca the number of vehicles that circulate daily increases every day, because the growth of the city demands it, it is no longer a luxury because it needs to travel long distances, so mobility becomes a necessity, from there we leave To look for the alternative that improves the economy of people, durability of the vehicle and lowering the pollution of the environment, replacing traditional fuels such as gasoline and diesel, by electricity for transportation of transportation. According to the Municipal Mobility Company (EMOV) it tells us that Cuenca has an amount of 150.000 vehicles, public transport is distributed as follows; 475 Urban Buses, 3565 Taxis, 87 Rural Buses, 677 School Transport Units, 700 mixed transport units and 300 light load units, of which 20 of these are electric, this research was conducted on November 25, 2019.
The country, having ease for the importation of automotive makes it even more real to replace fossil fuel vehicles with hybrid or totally electric. Cuenca has electroles in the Mother Park and at the University of Azuay, it has 2 electric charge ports since the number of electric vehicles are few within the city. However, it is estimated that Ecuador will have more than 30 electroberas by the end of 2020.
Having an electric car helps the environment, the owner’s economy for its low cost of use and something very important is that you should not worry about running out of battery because it will always have a place to recharge your car.
Considering that Ecuador has countless power plants that deliver electricity throughout the country to a low cost and that even part of that electricity, in the south of Ecuador it is sold to Peru, we have the possibility of using that low -cost electricity For the operation of the cars and in this way there would be a remarkable reduction of pollution for the environment and for the inhabitants of the area.
How can electricity be used as an ecological alternative in land mobility within the city of Cuenca in the last decade as a new alternative for the future operation of vehicles?
The research will allow to know the interests of society, in terms of cost differentiation in a traditional fuel and the use of electricity for the operation of different vehicles.
The power plants that Ecuador counts make possible the sale of electricity at low cost, creating a double benefit, both economy for car owners, and beneficial for a clean CO2 environment.
Environmental pollution in the city of Cuenca is due to the combustion of fuel Vehicle, whether public passenger transport, as in private vehicles, since it is that black smoke that is emanating from the car pipes to the environment and that is known as CO2, highly polluting.
The Municipality of Cuenca reports that since 2018 there was an increase in the emission of gases produced by vehicles, which generated an amount of 1.5 tons of carbon dioxide and has increased to 2.5 tons, higher than the limit of the limit of Environmental standards, which is 2 tons. Bone has increased 50% plus the amount of pollution.
At the local level, pollution problems have been increasing because of the combustion produced by vehicles, which emanate a large amount of carbon dioxide (CO2), this is very harmful to the health of the inhabitants of the area ( referring to the city of Cuenca).
Carbon dioxide can produce great difficulties when breathing, without neglect. For the atmosphere this is a pollutant whose presence destabilizes the order of the environment.
The large number of vehicles that work with gasoline and diesel in the city of Cuenca grows day by day, and added to public means of transport also increases the level of pollution.
There are several types of energy that can replace this fuel, one of these is electrical energy, which can be generated from primary energy, such as wind, solar radiation or tide produced in the ocean. Those mentioned above are renewable energies in their entirety that help produce electricity. The benefit of this resource within mobility is that we will avoid environmental pollution and reduce diseases caused by the ESMOG, produced by vehicles that work based on gasoline.
Electricity is taking importance on the world scenario due to the characteristics it presents against other types of fuel. Compared to oil and its derivatives, three main advantages are established, its generation can come from renewable sources; The transport of electricity is relatively simpler and more efficient; and generally the final use technologies of this are more efficient than those of other energy.
In Ecuador to supply the demand for electricity, it must be generated in transformation centers or power generation centrals. In the country, this comes from hydraulic sources (potential water energy), thermal (heat generated by fossil fuels), solar (sun), wind (wind) and biomass use (organic waste). Ecuador has more than 5.000 MW of installed capacity: 56% thermal; 42% hydraulic; 0.5% solar and 0.4% wind.
The change of a vehicle with an electric gasoline motor has monetary benefits, in addition to generating a lower environmental impact. The cost of electricity is lower than gasoline. So far in the country the Nissan, Renault, Toyota, Green Wheel (Ambacar), KIA and ByD.
To travel 100 kilometers, the car that works with electricity needs 15.5 kilowatts hour (kWh), this energy has a cost of USD 1.20 with a rate of $ 0.08 per kilowatt per hour (kWh). On the other hand, in the gasoline model the user will pay USD 5,10 for the same 100 kilometers route. An electric vehicle does not require change of filters, oil, band, spark plugs or injectors, if it requires the electric car is the review of the lights, brake cleaning, cargo port and the hinges of the doors, among other care.
In the city of Cuenca, pollution increases immensely due to the growth of the number of vehicles that work with gasoline and diesel, having as an alternative the use of electricity that replaces conventional fuels is a great opportunity for the city of Cuenca, since the benefit It would be very positive for both the environment and for the economy of its population.
The newspaper "El Mercurio" informs us that only 85.235 vehicles approved the technical vehicle review (RTV) and the air quality monitoring network indicates that 73% pollution in the city of Cuenca is generated by motor vehicles that work based on fossil fuels.
As previously referred. The use of an electric car means that there is no emanation of greenhouse gases and are quite silent when using them all that contrasted with conventional cars that are very noisy and emanate a large amount of carbonic anhydride plus maintenance and resupply expenses, It shows that electric cars have many options, cheaper, silent, efficient and more friendly with the environment.
In the city of Cuenca there are 150.000 vehicles, of which 0.013% operate to electricity, including the tram. The next decade aspires that the number of organic vehicles increase considerably and with it will lower the percentage of vehicular pollution that damages the environment, since the greater the amount of electricity less is the degree of pollution.
Additionally, the NISSAN company LEAF model does not require maintenance every 5.000 kilometers as in the gasoline car, but every 10.000 kilometers, the battery of the Nissan Leaf model lasts approximately eight years and changing it has an approximate cost of USD 10.000. The cost will be less than gasoline, undoubtedly with environmental benefits of zero gas emissions or engine noise.
The price of an electric vehicle ranges from $ 7.112 and $ 34.990. Within Cuenca we find several models such as the Kia Soul, Hyundai Ioniq, Nissan, Toyota, Green Wheel (Ambacar), we also find models of the Chinese brands Hanteng, Dayang, Byd. The Renault brand also had an electric model called Twizy, it could be achieved for a price below $ 15.000, but the same model is no longer sold. The voltage used for the vehicle energy recharge will depend according to the voltage that is had in the electroinera or at home, it can be 110V or 220V. According to the “Seguros 123” page, the maintenance of an electric car would be reduced by 80% compared to what works with gasoline or diesel, since only brake pads and battery would have to be changed after its estimated time of use.
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