Unrestricted growth in many urban areas
Introduction
Urban expansion refers mainly to unrestricted growth in many urban areas, which include housing, commercial development and roads in large areas of land, with little concern for urban planning according to Wiley. It also describes a specific form of urbanization, the concept also refers to the social and environmental consequences linked to this development. In Europe, the term peri -urbanization is used to express similar dynamics and phenomena, although the term urban expansion is currently used by the European Environment Agency (European Environment Agency).
There is a very common disagreement about what constitutes the expansion and how to quantify it, in some cases, certain interpreters measure urban expansion only with the average number of residential units per acre in a given area. But others associate it with decentralization, discontinuity, segregation of uses, etc. The term urban expansion is very politicized and almost always has negative links. It is criticized for causing environmental degradation, intensifying urban segregation, weakening the vitality of existing urban areas and destroying the environment in an aesthetic point of view. Due to the derogatory meaning acquired by the term, there are few who openly support urban expansion as such. The term has become a strong motivation to manage urban growth as David tells us.
Developing
Urban expansion expression was first used in an article in The Times in 1955 as a negative criticism on the outskirts of the state of London. According to Ivonne and Anne, the expansion definitions vary, some researchers recognize that the concept lacks precision, defining it as a uncoordinate growth that is the expansion of the community without worrying about its consequences, that is, the unplanned incremental urban growth than toOften it is considered unsustainable.
Bhatta et al, support that, despite having a controversy on the precise interpretation of the expansion, there is a general agreement, where urban expansion is characterized by being a pattern of an unplanned increase or growth, which is manifested in a mannerunequal, driven by endless processes that lead to an inefficient use of various resources.
Employment growth is another indicator of development and appearance of urban expansion, which forces communities to depend on the car, therefore it can be defined as patterns located in a geographically dispersed area, where most work inA specific metropolitan area is outside the central commercial district or financial center of the main city, and increasingly in suburban peripheries. It is often the result of the reduction of investments in an urban area, in which the geographical location of employment is allowed by predominant transport patterns, dependent on the car of many Lima suburbs.
That is why the desire of many companies to be located in areas of low density that are often more accessible and offers an expansion potential is born. The spatial disorder is directly linked to the expansion of employment, in which urban citizens with fewer resources are left without access to work of an average entry level, as a result of the increase in employment expansion and limited transport optionsTo facilitate a reverse trip to the suburbs.
In expansion areas, commercial use is generally segregated from other uses. In Lima, they usually take the form of shopping centers. These equipment tend to be low density, where buildings are one floor and have ample space for parking and access for delivery vehicles. This aspect is reflected in the spacious landscape of parking, catwalks and the clear signage of retail establishments. Schlosser argues that fast food chains accelerate suburban expansion and help establish their character with their wide parking lots, striking signs and plastic architecture. This consolidates a destructive growth pattern in a perennial search to get away from the expansion, which only results in creating more. DPZ Codesign.
In Metropolitan Lima the effect of urban expansion has generated various types of problems that affect the population daily. Urban expansion is associated with a series of negative environmental results, one of the main problems is the loss of land, habitat loss and subsequent reduction in biodiversity. According to McKinney, urban expansion is detrimental to native flora and fauna since invasive plants are introduced into their environments.
conclusion
Therefore, the regions with high birth and immigration rates face environmental problems due to unplanned urban growth and the mega emerging cities such as Lima, these problems lead to floods, which result by the increase in the surface used for roads and parking lots, in additionThe increase in temperatures of the heat islands which leads to a risk of mortality for the elderly population. To this is added that a great dependence on vehicles generates an increase in traffic throughout the city, as well as car accidents, pedestrian lesions and air pollution.
Living in larger and more scattered spaces generally makes public services more expensive. Since the use of the car becomes very common and public transport often becomes significantly more expensive, the city’s designer are forced to build road infrastructure and parking lots, which in turn decreases the land and the convenience of the convenience of thearea adjacent to these structures. The provision of services such as water, sewers and electricity is also more expensive per household in less dense areas, since the expansion increases the length of electricity lines and pipes, which requires higher maintenance costs. Then it is worth asking how do we achieve for urban expansion or how we live with it?
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