Understanding human anatomy
To understand this you have to first know about the phases of the march which are 2, the first one that is the support phase where the foot passes on the ground during the first half of the cycle, in this phase we will try to describe the movements made, in which plane and direction, like the first phase we will do the same for the second phase of the march called the oscillation phase that the foot remains suspended in the air for a certain time and thus concluding the second half of the cycle.
First let’s start talking about the coxofemoral joint, it moves in a triaxial plane making the following movements.
In the sagittal plane and around a transverse axis, flexion/extension is performed. In the frontal plane and around an anteroposterior axis, the movement of abduction / adduction occurs. On the transverse plane and around a vertical axis, internal/external rotation movements are made.
The muscles that mainly act here are the flexors and extensors which are iliac muscle (thigh flexor at the hip level), major psoas (flexes the hip next to the iliac), quadriceps (only previous straight already its main function is to rotate laterally thethigh), Sartorio (flexion the thigh) and tensioner of the fascia can (thigh flexion at the hip level), these are the main muscles that would make hip flexion. The main hips are the major buttock (extends the flexed thigh), semitendinous (extends the thigh) and semi -volterae (extends the thigh)
To talk about arthrocinematic movements, the concavoconvexa rule mustThey will be to the same directions also more congruence there will be a lower sliding and greater bearing and at least congruence there will be a greater sliding and lower bearing.
Now in the arthrocinematic movements we find:
- Bearing: there is more in incongruous joints (too many curvatures) and an area touches several points of another surface.
- Sliding: This is more present in congruent joints and is where a point of an area touches several points of another surface
- Rotar: Turn on its own axis, a point of one surface touches one point from another surface
Therefore, in the hip flexion the femur head slides and surrounds previous
The knee joint is made up of the femorotibial and femoropathlar joint that are biaxial joints when performing flexion/extension and in a lower degree internal and external rotation, this is performed in a sagittal plane with a horizontal axis in which allows anteroposterior andanteroposterior landslide this in flexo-expansion.
The muscles that act in these movements are femoral quadriceps that is the only knee extensor and is 3 times more powerful than flexors, the most important knee flexors are hamstrings, femoral, semitendinous, semimembranous and popliteal biceps that are more aKnee stabilizer.
The ankle joint present movements in the 3 planes, therefore it is triaxial but we will focus more on flexo-extension since it is the most relevant within the 100-meter race, this movement is parallel to the sagittal plane with a horizontal axis, towhich this articulation is divided into 2 a accommodation joint (in this it is about cushioning the clash of the foot with the ground) and another of movement (these dynamics and essential for the march), in the flexion we can find a slide towards laterby the astragalus. The muscles that allow the flexion of the ankle are short extensor of the big toe, long extender of the big toe, anterior tibial and third peroneal, and the ankle extensor muscles that are the short, long peroneal, posterior peronealand long flexor of the big toe.
Finally, we will talk about the joint joint especially of the fingers that move in parallel to the sagittal plane following a horizontal axis, moving in 3 plane therefore it is triaxial and slides to the lower and surrounds it to the higher in flexion and in extensionIt slips to the upper and roda to the lower. The main standing flexors are abductor of the big toe, abductor of the small finger, plantar square (flexion help), short finger flexor, short flexor of the big toe, short flexor of the small finger, long flexor of the fingers, flexorLong of the big toe, etc. And the extensor extensor muscles that would be extender cutting fing.
Thanks to all these complex joint actions we can take a step, walk and finally run.
Leave feedback