The work and function of the psychoanalyst before his patient
It is necessary to understand how it works in the work of the psychoanalyst before his patient, the way he faces psychopathology, call psychosis or neurosis. The self has the task of responding to three plaintiffs – the external reality, the it and the superego – maintaining an optimal organization of these instances and their requirements. In psychotherapy, the analyst and the self work together so that this weakened I can re -govern properly, and combat the demands of it, the superego and the external world. The first tool for this fight is the total sincerity of that weakened self, that is, all the material you have, material that the psychoanalyst must review exhaustively.
In a case of psychosis, the self could not even maintain coherence, coherence that is necessary for the management of the material by the therapist, if there is no such coherence, it corresponds here to determine what strategies we will help us to collect the psychic material. With the neurotics on the other hand, the weakening of the self, despite being serious, has shown more resistance capacity, and the analyst’s work will be more fluid. When reference is made to all the material, the subject is asked not only the things he knows, but also those he does not know, that is, he must inform us of everything that happens in his mind, whether pleasant or unpleasant, for the therapist, all this material is valuable, because often, much of this becomes unconscious. Here I came into another important factor in the therapy, and it is the vision of the self before the analyst, that more than a friend who tells his sorrows, he recognizes in the analyst an image of superego, which can usually be some personimportant as a relative, for example, on which the patient can put a load or transfer.
The same can be very beneficial -in the sense of resource -but also dangerous. This transfer is ambivalent, that is, it can include positive and negative attitudes. As we had already mentioned, the analyst also acquires for the patient the role of a superego, who can educate that weakened self, without forgetting that his role giving strength to that self, but not to indoctrinate it again, respecting the patient’s peculiarity. It is important not to forget that because it is ambivalent, this transfer can bring negative attitudes of the patient to the analyst, precisely because of the link that I have developed with the superego that has transferred.
If, for example, the transfer were from the father, as well as an obedience by courtship -erotic desire -a disobedience can be shown, or an erotic issue that seeks to be satisfied. Therefore, the analyst must have as its dangerous illusion in each case, showing that it is a mirage of the past, if it is not done in this way and the analyst does it abruptly, it will compromise the analytical work giving way to a hatred forpart of the patient. The analyst must avoid giving abruptly the deductions to which it is reached, doing so at the most appropriate time, if it is not done in this way it can cause a violent exploitation of resistance, which would hinder the continuation of the work or endorse it. The end of the analyst will then be to move the self to come their resistance and accept the analyst’s guide and help.
In this sense, the outcome may be that the self accepts again a pulsional demand until then rejected or again dismissed it. Overcoming resistance demands the longest time in therapy, but it is the greatest achievement and entails an advantage in the alteration of the self, which is preserved independent of the result of the transfer. This guilt can become a very hard superego, which does not allow the patient to heal because he does not deserve it. What corresponds to do with this resistance is to make it aware and at the same time, try to remove hardness from that superego. These patients do not respond to treatment and do not tolerate it, Freud even mentions that he has not even managed to clarify at all.
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