The violence present in bullying or bullying
Bully. Dan Olweus (1993), the first author who defined this phenomenon, indicates that a student becomes a victim when he is exposed repeatedly and for a time to negative actions carried out by another student or several of them. Senovila, h. (s.F.) In his article Bullying: A fear of death ensures that harassed can suffer emotional and intellectual blockages and behavioral and social alterations that can lead them to apocalyptic endings. Its main causes are the differences of thought, racial, physical and psychomotor characteristics of a person. It begins with verbal aggressions until reaching physical violence. To classify it as bullying, the presence of four elements is needed: 1) that I know in pairs;2) that implies an imbalance of power imbalance;3) that is sustained over time;and 4) that the victim or victims do not have the possibility of getting out of this situation. School bullying implies three components: the first is an imbalance of power between the stalker and the victim. The second is the aggression is carried out by a stalker or a group that tries to damage the victim in an intentional way. And the third is that there is an aggressive behavior towards the same victim, which is produced repeatedly.
There are several types of harassment: 1) physical abuse, which consists of direct aggression based on kicks, push, blows with objects …;2) verbal abuse, which is usually the most common;3) psychological abuse, which is done through threats to cause fear;4) "Social exclusion" or silent bullying, which can basically consist of: not allowing a child to belong to a group;Ignore It;make fun or laugh at him;and make him feel inferior. If someone is sad or decayed, complains about headaches or stomach frequentparticular and does not receive birthday invitations or parties from other colleagues, surely that person suffers from silent bullying. It is important to add that there are two new forms of bullying: cyberbullying, which is a form of indirect and anonymous harass. Belsey (2005), defines cyber harassment as "the deliberate, repeated and hostile use of some information and communication technologies by an individual or a group to vex, defame or harm others". This type of harassment is mainly characterized by the anonymity that maintains mostly aggressors.
According to Dan Olweus, there are different types of victims. A type of victims are typical, who are the most anxious and insecure students who are usually cautious, sensitive and quiet. These have low self – esteem, they have a negative opinion of themselves and their situation and, often, they are considered as failed feeling stupid and ashamed. This type of victims has been called passive or submissive and will not respond to the attack or insult. Another type of victims are the provocative, these are characterized by a combination of anxiety and aggressive reaction models. These students usually have concentration problems and behave so that they cause irritation and tension around them. Some of them can be hyperactive. Piñuel adds one more type of victim, the aggressor-victim, which is one that on the one hand is harassed and, at the same time, harass others.
As for the stalker, Lucena, R. (2004) Explain in his book Bullying. Bullying, which are both personal and family and school variables, which directly affect the conception of this type of behavior. The causes that can influence the development of violent behaviors in a child or adolescent are linked to the content presented in the mass media. Therefore, any message that is transmitted through them will be taken as correct by people with less sense of reason such as children, who will imitate what they are observing or listening, since they are behavioral imitators and will try to repeat whatSee at your home, at your school or on your favorite television program. Dan Olweus discovers the existence of various types of stalker. Some are the typical ones, which are distinguished by their aggressiveness with their classmates and sometimes with teachers and adults. They are usually characterized to be impulsive and have a great need to dominate others. They can be anxious and insecure. These aggressors feel the need for power and domain, seem to enjoy when they have control and, as I mentioned above, need to dominate others. Stalkers use different forms such as nicknames, mockery, insults and rumors, which generate intimidation, exclusion and sometimes serious psychological and social problems that cause difficulties in coexistence and social adaptation. There is a great situation of inequality between the stalker and the victim, since, normally, the stalker is usually supported by a group that follows the violent behavior, while the main characteristic of the victim is that it is helpless and cannot leave by itselfsame of the situation of harassment.
In conclusion, bullying does not understand sexes, or social conditions. It occurs as soon as a child or a series of children decide to make life impossible for another. Once they choose their victim, they attack her mercilessly. Threats, blackmail and messages that disarm the harassed child inside, who will end his illusion and his desire to live. Harassment is a scourge that, without a doubt, must be eliminated. And urgently. As for the school, it is known that when they have well established ways of preventing, denouncing and acting effectively to this phenomenon, there are fewer problems and they are addressed before they are chronic. Also, the fact that safe links between professors and students and students are promoted, makes less compilation of violent acts. It is very important that there are well -specified limits and a coherent discipline and based on affection and support. To reduce harassment it is considerable that there is a center philosophy that tends to excellence and has a non -violence curriculum. On the other hand, those schools that have hierarchical structures, where students cannot participate, lack established norms of behavior or have an inconsistent, lax, ambiguous or very rigid disciplinary system can cause them to arise and maintain violent situations in the classrooms. In case of harassment, responsible teachers must address the problem using appropriate pedagogical methods. To do this they need to be sensitized with the subject and know what to do. Many times they ignore it and this may be the cause of denying it.
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