The Renaissance and the evolution of being
Introduction
John Stuart Mill. Goodness or evil is no longer personal but collective even if it harms people because it is intended to create a collective happiness. He argued that happiness must be contemplated from rationality, since it is better to be a Socrates is unsatisfied than a satisfied pig. 19th century Contemporary Thought Charles Darwin.
Developing
Darwinism presents one of the most famous theories that is the evolution of species, where it argues that every individual comes from a common being and that adaptability, the strongest survives, is the most effective evolution mode of Soren Kierkegaard species. Existentialism is considered as a pioneer of existentialism the philosophical studies of him revolve around the choice problem. He postulates that this is a subjective issue in which each person solves it differently.
He argues that when doubting at the time of making decisions because he does not know if the result will be correct or not. This anguish is an eternal companion in every decision, but it is also the path that leads to faith and salvation. Karl Marx. Marxism belonged to the school of suspicion, since he emphasizes the falsehood of the social conscience that man lived, because the democratic system was just a utopia without utility. He considered that philosophy was the engine of changing moral buildings through revolutions and struggles.
Therefore, it creates a system called socialism in which it seeks the equitable distribution of wealth. That way, the world would become more fair and human. He held serious criticism of capitalism, because he saw him as an exploitative and beneficiary system for the minority. Herbert Spencer, evolutionary he postulated the law of evolution in which he argues that the evolutionary process goes beyond animals, can also be applied to people and societies.
He creates an analogy between society and animals saying that the two have the same functions and share phrase structures: society is an organism. Pragmatism belongs to the Pragmatism School, which based on the reasoning of him on which the value that has an idea is given by the consequences that it has. He develops a pragmatism from a daily vision in which he urges philosophy to focus on specific cases and not on ambiguous or abstract planes.
Friedrich Nietzsch The genealogy of morality (famous work) recognized within the School of suspicion because he maintains that the human being follows a false moral conscience because of the religion that stagnates it in dogmas, eliminates his free will and his will for what that does not let him become a "superman" and reach his ideals. Psychoanalyst and behaviorism argued that the problem of good and evil occurred by the dispute between instinct and society. He is the last representative of the Suspicion School, which is famous for the discovery of the unconscious.
conclusion
He argued that the human being erroneous psychological consciousness where the unconscious is the one who dominated the actions and not the reason as until then was believed. Piot Kropotkin, anarchist was one of the main representatives of anarchism argued that the survival of the species was not in the dispute, but in help. This is why human beings have survived for so long because they have been able to collaborate and help others. Paul Ricoeur, recognized contemporary philosopher who center his studies around hermeneutics.
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