The Nineteenth Century In Spain Vs.Euu

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The nineteenth century in Spain vs.euu

A strong reform toured the United States at the end of the 19th and early twentieth century. Many Americans asked for changes in the country’s economic, political and social systems. They wanted to reduce poverty, improve the living conditions of the poor and regulate large companies. They worked to end corruption in government, make the government more receptive to people and achieve other objectives. In 1917, the reformers had caused many changes. Some reformers were called progressive. As a result, the period of American history of approximately 1890 to about 1917 is often called the progressive era.

The first reform efforts included movements to organize workers and farmers. In 1886, qualified workers formed the American Federation of Labor (AFL), now the US Work Federation, the Congress of Industrial Organizations (AFL-CIO). Directed by Samuel Gompers, this union negotiated with employers and obtained better salaries and working conditions for its members. Farmers founded National Grange in 1867 and Farmers ‘Alliances during the 1870s and 1880s. These groups helped force the railroads to reduce their rates to carry agricultural products and helped farmers in other ways.

The impulse for female suffrage was strengthened after the Civil War. In 1869, Susan B. Anthony and Elizabeth Cady Stanton founded the National Woman Suffrage Association. Wyoming’s territory gave women the right to vote the same year. Soon, a few states allowed women to vote, but only in local elections.

The progressive era, due to protest for the reform, increased dramatically after 1890. The members of the clergy, social workers and others studied life in the marginal neighborhoods and reported on the terrible living conditions there. Educators criticized the nation’s school system. Increasingly, the workers did not qualified resorted to the strikes in an attempt to obtain concessions from their employers. Often, violence broke out between strikers and sparks hired by employers. The socialists and others who opposed the economic system of US capitalism supported the strikers and obtained a large number of followers.

As public support for reform grew, so did the political influence of the reformers. In 1891, farmers and some workers formed the popular or populist party. Populists called the government’s action to help farmers and workers. Many followers won and convinced many Democrats and Republicans to support the reforms.

The reformers won control of many cities and some state governments. They also chose many people for Congress who favored their views. In addition, the first three presidents elected after 1900, Theodore Roosevelt, William Howard Taft and Woodrow Wilson, supported certain reform laws.

The reformers in the local and state government approved many laws to help the poor. These laws provide for the inspection of neighborhood houses, playgrounds and other improvements in life in marginal neighborhoods. Some reformist governments expanded public education and forced employers to protect workers against firearms and dangerous machinery in factories.

Federal legislation when Theodore Roosevelt became president, in 1901, was a liberal republican who requested a ‘square agreement” for all Americans. Roosevelt became the first president to help workers in a strike against employers. In 1902, United Mine Workers asked for better salaries and working conditions. Roosevelt asked the miners and the owners of the mine to solve their differences through arbitration, but the owners of the mine denied. Enraged, the president threatened to make the army take over the mines. The owners gave up and reached a commitment to the miners.

Republican William Howard Taft happened to Roosevelt in 1909. Even if he was conservative, TAFT helped promote the cause of the reform. In 1912, conservative Republicans backed TAFT for the presidential nomination of their party, and liberal republicans supported Roosevelt. TAFT won the nomination. The liberals then formed the progressive party, or ‘Bull Moose’, and nominated Roosevelt for president. The Republican Division allowed the Woodrow Wilson Democratic Reform to win the presidency.

The reform movement flourished under Wilson. The many reform measures approved during the Wilson Presidency included the 1913 Underwood Tariff Law, which reduced a high rate that protected US companies of foreign competition.

During the 1870s and 1880s the United States paid relatively little attention to foreign affairs. Compared to European nations such as France, Germany and Britain, the United States was weak militarily and had little influence on international politics. During the 1890s and early 1900s, however, the United States became a world power and assumed a leadership role in international affairs.

The Spanish -American War of 1898 marked a turning point in the foreign policy of the United States. Spain ruled Cuba, Puerto Rico, the Philippines and other overseas possessions during the 1890s. In the mid -1890s, Cubans rebelled against their Spanish rulers. Many Americans demanded that the United States help the rebels. On February 15, 1898, the American ship named Maine exploded on the coast of Havana, Cuba. No one was sure what the explosion caused, but many Americans blamed the Spaniards. On April 25, 1898, Congress declared war on Spain. The United States quickly defeated Spain, and Paris Treaty of December 10, 1898 officially ended the war. According to the treaty, the United States received Guam, Puerto Rico and the Philippines from Spain. Also in 1898, the United States attached to Hawaii.

Meanwhile in 1808 Spain fights for their independence in Madrid against the French and the news of the war extends rapidly. The first battle that Spain won was in Bailén. It was among the French (liberals) against the Fernandinos (Absolutists). Between 1808 to 1812 Napoleon sends troops and occupies almost the entire peninsula less body. At the end of 1813 France is defeated and Valencay’s treatment ends the war.

The attitudes of the workers ultimately resulted from different historical notions of society that formed their perceptions and experiences of labor relations and their attitude towards the role of the State. 

Therefore, a notion of society as an aggregation of individuals formed the hostility of Spanish workers unionized towards state intervention since the creation of the first unions in the 1840s. Since the 1860s onwards, a new conception of collective relations, namely, began to transform the expectations of some workers on the role of the State into labor conflicts. The main factor that explains this change lies in the relationship between the imaginary of the workers, their actions and their expectations about these actions.

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