The Nazism and the power he had over Germany
In this essay we will talk about Nazism, in full German nationalism, a movement fully led by Adolf Hitler as head of the Nazi party in Germany (NSDAP) German Nationalist Party Party. In its dictatorial, Nazism shared many elements with Italian fascism. However, Nazism was much more extreme both in its ideas and in its practice. In almost all aspects, it was an anti-intellectual and atheotic movement, emphasizing the will of the charismatic dictator as the only source of inspiration of a people and a nation, as well as a vision of annihilation of all the enemies of Aryan Volk as the firstand the only objective of Nazi politics.
Developing
Roots of Nazism
Nazism had German roots. You can partially go back to the Prussian tradition developed under Federico Guillermo I (1688-1740), Federico El Grande (1712-1768) and Otto von Bismarck (1815-1898), which considered the militant spirit and discipline of the Prussian armyas a model for individual and civic life. To this was added the tradition of political romanticism, with its acute hostility towards rationalism and the principles underlying the French Revolution, its emphasis on instinct and the past, and its proclamation of the rights of the exceptional individual of Friedrich Nietzsche (the Ubermensch) "Superman" on all universal laws and norms. These two traditions were later reinforced by the worship of science and the laws of nature in the 19th century, which seemed to operate independently of all the concepts of good and evil. Other reinforcements came from 19th-century intellectual figures such as the Count of Gobineau (1816-1882), Richard Wagner (1813-1883) and Houston Stewart Chamberlain (1855-1927), who influenced early nationalism with their statements of superiorityracial and cultural of the "Nordic" (Germanic) peoples over all other Europeans and all other races.
Hitler’s intellectual point of view was influenced during his youth not only by these currents in the German tradition, but also by specific Austrian movements that professed various political feelings, particular. Hitler’s fierce nationalism, his contempt for the Slavs and his hatred of the Jews can be greatly explained because of their bitter experiences as a failed artist who lives an existence flood.
This intellectual preparation would probably not be enough for the growth of Nazism in Germany but for the defeat of that country in World War I. The defeat and disappointment, pauperization and frustration resulting, particularly between the low middle classes, raided the way for the success of Hitler’s propaganda and the Nazis. The Treaty of Versailles (1919), the formal agreement of the First World War written without German participation, alienated many Germans with the imposition of harsh monetary and territorial repairs. The significant resentment expressed towards the peace treaty gave Hitler a starting point. Because the German representatives (qualified as ‘November criminals’ by the National Socialists) agreedGermany defeat had been orchestrated by diplomats in Versailles meetings. From the beginning, Hitler’s revenge propagandPeace just like a temporary setback. In the expansionist program of Germany. The ruinous inflation of the German currency in 1923 ended the savings of many middle -class homes and led to greater alienation and public dissatisfaction.
Hitler added to the Pangermanic aspirations the almost mystical fanaticism of a faith in the mission of the German race and the fervor of a revolutionary social gospel. This Gospel expressed himself more fully in Hitler’s personal will, Mein Kampf (1925–27; ‘My Stuggy’), in which he described both his practical goals and his theories of race and propaganda.
Making a bulwark against communism, Hitler exploded the fears raised in Germany and around the world by the Bolshevik revolution in Russia and the consolidation of communist power in the Soviet Union. Therefore, he was able to obtain the support of many conservative elements that misunderstood the totalitarian nature of their movement.
Hitler’s most important individual contribution to the theory and practice of Nazism was his deep understanding of mass psychology and mass propaganda. He emphasized the fact that every propaganda must maintain its intellectual level to the ability of the least intelligent of those who are directed and that their veracity is much less important than its success. According to Hitler:
“It is part of the genius of a great leader to make even the widely separated adversaries appear as if they belonged to a single category, because among the weak and undecided characters, the recognition of several enemies marks too easily the beginning of the doubt of the doubt of itselfrectitude"
Hitler found this common denominator in the Jews, whom he identified both with Bolshevism and a kind of cosmic evil. The Jews had to be discriminated not according to their religion but according to their ‘race’. Nazism declared that Jews, whatever their educational and social development, would be fundamentally different and hostile for Germans.
Nazism tried to reconcile conservative and nationalist ideology with a socially radical doctrine. In doing so, it became a deeply revolutionary movement, although to a large extent negative. Rejecting rationalism, liberalism, democracy, the rule of law, human rights and all movements of international cooperation and peace, emphasized instinct, the subordination of the individual to the State and the need for blind and unwavering obedience toThe leaders named from above. . He also emphasized the inequality of men and races and the right of the strong to govern the weak;He sought to purge or suppress political, religious and social institutions in competition;an ethic of hardness and ferocity advanced;and partly destroyed class distinctions by attracting maladaptive and failures of all social classes. Although socialism was traditionally an internationalist creed, the radical wing of Nazism knew that there was a mass base for policies that were simultaneously anti -capitalist and nationalists. However, after Hitler assured power, this radical tension was eliminated
Totalitarianism and expansionism
From these principles, Hitler led his party since its unfavorable beginnings in a beer winery in Munich to a dominant position in world politics 20 years later. The Nazi party originated in 1919 and was led by Hitler since 1920. Through successful elections and intimidation, the party came to power in Germany in 1933 and ruled by totalitarian methods until 1945, when Hitler committed suicide and Germany was defeated and occupied by the allies at the end of World War II.
The history of Nazism after 1934 can be divided into two periods of approximately the same length. Between 1934 and 1939, the party established the total control of all phases of life in Germany. With many Germans tired of conflicts between parties, economic and political instability, and the disorderly freedom that characterized the last years of the Weimar Republic (1919–33), Hitler and his movement won the support and even the enthusiasm of the majorityof the German population. . In particular, the public welcomed the strong, decisive and apparently effective government provided by the Nazis. The endless ranks of unemployed Germany decreased rapid. The Germans were dragged into this orderly mass movement, intensely determined, determined to restore their country to their dignity, pride and greatness, as well as domain in the European stage. The economic recovery of the effects of the great depression and the forceful affirmation of German nationalism were key factors in the attractiveness of Nazism for the German population. In addition, the continuous series of diplomatic successes and foreign conquests of Hitler from 1934 to the early years of World War II assured the unconditional support of most Germans, including many who had previously opposed him to him.
Despite its economic and political success, Nazism maintained its power through mass coercion and manipulation. The Nazi regime spread a continuous flow of propaganda through all cultural and informative means. Its manifestations – especially its manifestations of Nuremberg elaborately organized – its badges and their uniformed paintings were designed to impart an omnipotence aura. The lower part of his propaganda machine was his horror apparatus, with his omnipresent secret police and concentration camps. He fueled and focused German anti -Semitism to make Jews a symbol of everything he was hated and feared. Through a deceptive rhetoric, the party portrayed the Jews as enemies of all kinds of society.
The main instrument of control of Nazism was the unification, under Heinrich Himmler and its main lieutenant, Reinhard Heydrich, of the SS (the uniformed police force of the Nazi party) and all the other police and security organizations. The opposition to the regime was destroyed by direct or, more frequently, by the omnipresent fear of a possible repression. The opponents of the regime were branded from enemies of the State and the people, and an elaborate network of informants, often members of the family or close friends, imposed maximum caution in all expressions and activities. Justice was no longer recognized as objective, but was completely subordinated to the supposed needs and interests of the Volk. In addition to the now degraded methods of the normal judicial process, special detention fields were erected. In these fields, the SS exercised the supreme authority and introduced an incomparable sadistic brutality system in modern times.
Between 1938 and 1945, Hitler’s regime tried to expand and apply the Nazi system to territories outside the German Reich. This effort was limited, in 1938, to land inhabited by German -speaking populations, but in 1939 Germany also began to subjugate the nationalities that did not speak German. The German invasion of Poland on September 1, which began World War II, was the logical result of Hitler’s plans. His early years passed them by preparing the Germans for the imminent struggle for world control and forging the military and industrial superiority that Germany would need to fulfill their ambitions. With increasing diplomatic and military successes, their objectives grew in rapid progression. The first was to unite all the people of German ancestry within their historical homeland based on the ‘self-determination’. His next step foresaw, through the military conquest of Poland and other Eslavas to the east nations, from a grosswirtschaftsraum (‘large unified economic space’) or a lebensraum (‘vital space’), which would allow Germany to acquire a territory a territoryenough to be economically self-sufficient and militarily impregnable. There, the German master race, or Herrenvolk, would govern a hierarchy of subordinate peoples and organize them and exploit them with cruelty and effectiveness. With the initial successes of the military campaigns of 1939–41, its plan expanded in a vision of a hemispheric order that would cover all of Europe, Western Asia and Africa and, finally, the entire world.
The extravagant hopes of Nazism came to an end with the defeat of Germany in 1945, after almost six years of war. To some extent, World War II had repeated the patron of the First World War: great initial German military hits, the forge of a large -scale coalition against Germany as a result of German ambitions and behavior, and the eventual loss of theWar due to excellent German. Nazism as a mass movement ended effectively on April 30, 1945, when Hitler committed suicide to avoid falling into the hands of the Soviet troops that completed the occupation of Berlin. From the ruins of Nazism a Germany emerged that was divided until 1990. The remains of National Socialist ideology remained in Germany after Hitler’s suicide, and a small number of political parties and other Nazi orientation groups formed in Western Germany at the end of the 1940s, although some were then prohibited. In the 1990s, neo -Nazis young bands in eastern Germany organized attacks against immigrants, desecrated Jewish cemeteries and faced themselves violently with leftists and police officers.
conclusion
As a final conclusion of this research on Nazism, our part and for you, we can say that Nazism was a cruel movement that marked an intense period of time in Germany of the twentieth century. Led by Hitler, an Austrian ruler whose obsession was to exterminate a different and lower race and think that his ideology was the only one and the correct and the correct.
The Nazis killed millions of people for the simple fact of being Jewish, communists, Jehovah’s Witnesses, homosexuals and everything that opposed the narrow Nazi definition of the ‘nation’, thanks to their idealisms.
Terror was exercised directly: through censorship, physical aggressions arrests and arrests in work fields or concentration camps that were ‘forced labor fields’ in which the boarding schools were exploited until theirdeath.
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