The meaning of racism
The official narrative of the history of constitutionalism has been hiding the legal – political status of the groups that were excluded from the political community being considered, since the 18th century, as not citizens;For example: the inhabitants of the colonies (black slaves, mulatto and native). The study of the role that immigration in the gestation of the Constitutional State. This as opposed to the native and the non -citizen.
In this case, and for a long time, the native inhabitants of the American territory were excluded from the social contract of the settlers, an exclusion from the social pact that would reveal the narrow link that exists between racial discrimination. A problem appears when the orientation of this symbiotic relationship is changed to the identity of one of the parties as a polarity in the perception of social values. This occurs to the other end of the couple a possible antonym: the alterity as a characteristic of the other. That is, the sense of belonging through an identity leads to contrast it with the alien, I miss it as an element of construction of the race concept.
Ultimately, the race is easily associated with ethnocentrism as a characteristic of an identity and produces xenophobia against the presence of the other. Ethnocentrism has always existed but arose in its new incarnation at the beginning of the twentieth century as the mentality that considered the values, customs and culture of the state-state itself as a nineteenth-century product, superior to those that always judges depending on its proximity or remoteness or remotenessto the own sociocultural model. Xenophobia considers everything strange as threatens and manifested from anti-bigness in "hate to the stranger", but by increasing "social visibility" increases the degree of distinction not only by physical appearance but also by social and political behavior by social and political behaviorin front of identity symbols;especially in the case of the totalitarian states of the twentieth century. These can charge meanings of exclusion in terms of class and race.
Types of racism
- Aversive racism. It is a subtle type of racism because it is generally employed by people who are openly against racism and racist behaviors. In aversive racism, equal rights and freedom are intended for each group to live their own culture openly. On the other hand, racist attitudes occur through distance with the other person, lack of empathy or showing coldness.
- Ethnocentrist racism. This type of racism is based on the cultural superiority of the group itself, so it assumes that other different groups are a cultural threat. In this type of racism there is no right to equality and it is believed that people who are of a race different from their own must submit to the predominant group. The rejection of customs, beliefs, behaviors, religions or languages of other ethnic groups are recurring attitudes in this type of racism.
- Symbolic racism. Symbolic racism advocates the right to be the same, but with nuances: the right to be the same exists, but for specific fields or certain situations. An example that explains symbolic racism is the freedom that each group has to live as it wants, but in limited areas for that group. These attitudes cause cultural segregation between the different groups, which in turn produces distancing among its members.
- Biological racism. It is the least tolerant type of racism. Understand that a breed is biologically superior to the others, which threaten to degenerate the breed that is considered main. Biological racism does not believe that members of other breeds must have any right, think that they must be totally excluded and even bet on physical segregation. An example of this type of racism was carried out by the Nazi regime in the 30s and 40s: they considered the Aryan race as a pure and superior race.
Quality of life in the United States for Mexicans
In the United States, the quality of life of Mexico 95% of Mexicans is employed they work for a check and sur that will ask why you don’t live near your work? Simple answer because if you are close to your work, housing is more expensive and would not be enough to sustain your daily life, that’s why they prefer to travel more than spend more. Although economic restructuring processes in the United States have had an important impact on the current working conditions of workers, and particularly immigrants, understanding the labor insertion of the population of Mexican origin in that country also implies recognizing that the characteristics of This immigration have played a central role in the integration of Mexicans, and that historically in American society there have been criteria of social differentiation such as race, gender and ethnicity that have contributed to the stratification of the labor market. The purpose of this article is to analyze the characteristics of the economic integration of Mexican immigrants and their second and third generations in the United States. To do this, its labor insertion and salary differences are examined compared to the native natives Non-Hispanos also because the Mexicans themselves get used to that quality of life that is why many remain to live in that country.
Consequences of racism
What is the main consequence of xenophobia and racism?
Both xenophobia and racism have a very clear consequence: discrimination. When someone is discriminated, he separates it from the group and is very susceptible to receiving attacks as a result of a prejudice. Discrimination can be of two types:
- Social. It is the one that occurs within a community when an individual or a group of individuals act with discrimination against others or others.
- Institutional. It occurs when the laws of a country regulate a situation that discriminates to a group of people.
What measures can be taken against racism and xenophobia?
Measures to avoid racism and xenophobia can be taken from both social and individual point of view and can be the following:
- Securities -based education. It is essential to instill the values of solidarity, equality, friendship, love or respect from childhood to be tolerant adults, who value diversity and have the initiative to help people who need it.
- Information based on objective data. It is important that information about other people, such as immigrants or refugees, comes from reliable sources and contains objective data. In this way we fight against false news and prejudices.
- The integration of immigrants. From a political point of view, the governments of the countries also have an important mission to ensure that immigrants are integrated into conditions of equality with the nationals of the country that hosts them.
- The fight against stereotypes. As a consequence of the lack of information and erroneous prejudices or beliefs, stereotypes about immigrants and refugees that are mere simplifications of a much more complex reality can be created. In this sense, information and education are fundamental to end stereotypes.
As a consequence of the above, it is evident that all of us have in our hands the possibility of understanding the situation of foreigners who come to our country looking for a better future. Each contribution to help them is important, because solidarity is the basis of a good coexistence.
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