The influence of Jeremy Bentham in the life of John Stuart Mill
Introduction
One of the most representative characters in the study of the world economy John Stuart Mill). The influence of two iconic characters on the origins of J’s thought. S. Mill are James Mill their father and Bentham friend of the family who established the deductive method which establishes that in order to establish consistent arguments in relation to politics, certain characteristics need to understand that individuals develop in society in society. And so it was possible to create government theory thanks James Mill. However, the ideological formation of J.S. Mill was influence by the French ideology of the year 1700, various English movements, and also the ideology of Henri de Saint-Simon and Auguste Comte. Now, in order to deepen the origin of Mill’s thinking, it is necessary to take into consideration three fundamental characteristics: first, the influence that J had.S. Mill by Jeremy Bentham;second, regarding him to the economic issue;And finally, his social philosophy.
Developing
Jeremy Bentham’s influence
Jeremy Bentham idealistic of a system of government in which it was based on representative democracy and freedom as a central axis where it is established that “society consists of numerous individuals (or families), enjoying each of the safety of people andProperties established and assured by the legal system and by the Government ”(Rosen, 2011, P.25).
Although j.S. Mill in the beginning shared those ideals and thoughts of Bentham, with the passage of time the arguments which support you the origins of representative democracy because it is:
It would not necessarily increase security, because the power placed in the hands of the majority would train it to oppress minorities. The idea that a popular government was simply a benign force as a limited power of the nation on itself and, therefore, it could not be oppressive, ignored the vital fact concerning the tendency of the majorities to oppress minorities. (Rosen, 2011, P.26)
Now, the concepts of obligation and sanction of J.S. Mill have influence of Bentham’s perceptions. Where it is possible to relate the concepts establishing as a central axis that the sanctions are necessary for the members of the company to respect the parameters raised by the Government (Corella, 2006).
Finally, j.S. Mill gives Bentham a few words in which he refers to the fact that “England was indebted not only for most of the important ideas they generated and that circulated among the intellectuals of their time, but because they revolutionized the ways of thinkingand investigate ”(Villarespe, 2002, P.107).
"Like Bentham, Mill was hedonistic and interpreted happiness as the balance between pleasure and pain" (De Ferrán, 2006, p.128). However, it was believed that J.S. Mill was in favor of Bentham’s philosophy related to pleasure in the human being:
Human beings are only motivated to act for desire for pleasure. Therefore, the actions are carried out with the perspective of obtaining that result. The behavior of the human being is governed by both interest and passions, as well as sympathies or antipathies towards other people. (Torres, 2006, P.fifteen)
But MILL interprets that the pleasure that individuals feel is relative and you can be reflected in that at some point certain pleasures are more rewarding than others (Torres, 2006). Thus, it is possible that “Bentham’s ideas ideas live today thanks to, and traces of, the version or interpretation of J.S. Mill ”(Paniagua, 1982, P.7).
The social philosophy of J.S. Mill
The commitment of responsibility represents the central axis of the social philosophy of J.S. Mill in which it must be represented with the individual active participation of each element of society. So that it is possible to achieve optimal social growth (Abaroa, 2011) (Sen, 2003). In this way, it is possible to identify that each person has the capacity and is responsible for perfecting the social aspect (Yaylali, 2019) (Bagú, 2018). In this sense, J’s philosophy.S. Mill “represents a fundamental piece for social development (Lasalle, 2007).
The social philosophy in which Mill says to include theirs imposes some operation and development laws that sometimes exceed the work of human politics and reason, since they determine the scope and limitations of these. Mill’s attitude is going to be general among the intellectuals of the nineteenth century, and is a bankruptdecides and acts, through politics, morals or law, making the relevant changes that lead to their emancipation, as a rational and free individual. (Ruiz, 2005, P. 196-197)
Thus, due to his ph philosophy.S. Mill obtained a large number of followers of ancient England, which promulgated the eradication of misery so that in this way in societies there can be an exponential growth of the inclusion of politics (Sanmartín, 2006). With this, he reaffirms thought of justice in which the members of society can exercise their political freedom. In other words, "the search for balance meant the eradication of poverty, not the imposition of a geometrically egalitarian society, because this would entail the destruction of the same democracy that Mill fought to protect first, and expand later" (Sanmartín, 2006, 2006,p.127).
Now, in relation to the personal freedom of each human being.S. Mill establishes how essential this is in the well -being of each member of society (Pavón, 1969) (Pallas, 2007). Which helps a gradual development of it, in order to achieve all the goals proposed throughout personal growth (Tasset, 2007). In addition, it is necessary to understand that “the role of education is something fundamental for Mill, something of the most important thing a government can do in favor of individual” (Jiménez, 2010, P.140). However, knowing how to keep control of our emotions and feelings play a fundamental role so that society members can establish themselves in a better way and be able to achieve their maximum progress (Mill, 2017) (Pintos, 1997). However, dealing with issues related to the abuse that women have suffered throughout history are an important focal point within their social philosophy (Ruiz, 2006).
John Stuart Mill was not content to denounce the situation of oppression of women affecting the lack of justification of their exclusion of enjoyment of political rights. He tried to actively cooperate in the elimination of this social evil, assuming the claim of the female vote in his public activity, first as a candidate and then as a parliamentarian. (Martín, 2006, P.108)
Likewise, "it defended the cooperatives of production in mutual competition as a way to involve the people in management" (de Blas, 2006, p.79). Another of the fields in what was involved, J.S. Mill is related to:
Mill’s principle of freedom indicates that the individual has freedom of action on everything that does not affect others. The only legitimate reason why a community can impose limits on any of its members is to prevent other members from being harmed. In what does not matter to anyone but oneself, freedom of action is absolute. Mill emphasizes that it is essential that governments protect these freedoms. A society can only be understood as an authentic society of free persons if any of these freedoms, understood within the general category of freedom of action, are absolutely respected and guaranteed. (Torres, 2006, P. 108)
The economic approach of J.S. Mill
J.S. "Mill considered the last representative of the classical economy" (Gaytán, 2005, p.89), also another of “his most important tasks within science was to systematize advances in economic thinking about production and commerce – which had been maturing since the thirteenth century – and expose them in a didactic way” (Márquez & Silva, 2008, P.62). In addition, Mill was part of the creators in favor of the socialist economy, in which equality is promulgated as a precept of the different societies, where the government was the main supporter for a fair distribution in societies (Ruiz, 2005). However, "at first his position regarding socialism was of doubt about innovation, incentives, distribution and probable evolution of the population under a socialist system" (Redón, 2001, p.95). For which it was essential to make great modifications in each of the aspects of society (Aznar, 2007). In addition, J’s ideas.S. Mill are largely based on their various "growth, distribution and value theories, in a context of scarcity and with the existence of decreasing yields" (Couyoumdjian, 2015, p.55).
So, educational systems significantly contribute around the different areas of productivity. Nevertheless:
Mill departed from Smith by stating that market mechanisms do not work in the world of education;Man is not wealth, being at the service of man, the concept of capital is not applicable to man, being the demanding education incapable to judge his productive quality. (Del Campo & Salcines, 2008, P.48)
Similarly, J.S. Mill "does not accept of his time the belief of physiocrats and some mercantilists who saw in the laws of production as of the distribution natural facts on which man can only comply with" (Cardona, 2008, P.99).
That is, Mill does not accept the generalized belief of the economists of the time, where the only thing that mattered within the economic analysis was the logical deduction that allowed the formulation of laws or principles in the rational use of the factors regardless of the social in theman or moral. Although for Mill the technique of mathematical analysis is necessary in the maximization of wealth and production, so is the analysis of social philosophy in political economy, which should never be forgotten or overlooked. (Cardona, 2008, P.99)
conclusion
In conclusion, the origins of John Stuart Mill’s thought are based on various ideologies which I perfect over time. Becoming influenced by two great characters of the time as their father James Mill and Jeremy Bentham were. However, from the latter it was fundamental for Mill. Now, in relation to his social philosophy Mill it was very clear because he promulgated an ideology where the fundamental basis of this are given by responsibility, justice, freedom among others. In order for each individual to participate active in society, they can have a better quality of life. Finally, with respect to the economic issue it differs with the intellectuals of the time since Mill has equality as the central axis by which each government must be responsible for a fair distribution of wealth.
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