The history of Hispanic culture in South American civilization
The appointment presented here represents the history of Hispanic culture and South American civilization. Because there are actually two Americas. Latin America and Saxony. Pre -Hispanic America interests historians, anthropologists, ethnologists, economists, linguists ..
It all started after 1492, when the until now isolated continent came into contact with the West and was integrated through Spanish colonization. Despite this, there is a geographical isolation, the two oceans allow the separation of the Pacific and Atlantic oceans.
In Europe, this is the origin, with the migrations of the seventeenth century. There is not much difference with the population, for example in Brazil there is a lot of slavery, which creates a barrier between populations due to diversity. But also, linguistic, cultural and racial indifference, among populations, is linguistic plurality. (2000 languages and divided dialects, without classification.) =) A huge variety, when Spanish arrived. They try to impose their language.
It is very important to understand how the conquest and its first consequences developed. The argument of the number of the Indians is essential to have evidence, that the Spaniards had committed genocide. A current that devalues and criticizes Spanish society.
It has many aspects of the conquest. The most important precious metals of the New World are found in Mexico, Peru and were discovered in the 1540s. And intensive mining and systematic exploitation of Indian populations. When there are no warning workers, black slaves of Africa are used in Colombia. Catholic Monarchs needed precious metals, gold, silver. So Queen Elizabeth decided to accept Christopher Columbus and cover travel expenses. He promised Queen ‘Gold and Moor’. He promised to bring wealth, but also spices, such as pepper, cinnamon, nail … a first motivation for the conquest of the New World, and a way of protecting the spirit of the crusades. For this he made 4 great trips. But after the discovery of the New World, two men represent the greatest names of extermination.
A conquest for violence. The conquest of the Spanish colonial empire. It causes the disappearance of 2 pre -Columbian civilizations. Aztecs and Incas.
Considered a powerful man of the New World thanks to his conquests and the wealth accumulated during the first years of colonization.
It is said that Cortés, one of the great names of extermination. Especially for its first massacre in 1519. And the military superiority of the Spaniards. Thanks to its diplomatic ability, which means lifting the Inca and Azteca local tribes, the prophecies that announce the arrival of the Spaniards. Contributed to the end of these two civilizations. The continuation generates a demographic disaster. For example, the population of the Inca Empire collapses, and this for almost all populations. A significant decrease between the 1520s and 1620.
A truly tense man towards his ambitions. Will hire many men to destroy the most powerful civilization in America in two years. Using cunning, manipulation … will navigate the coast to April. Will be on the edge of a military catastrophe, many people will be massacred. The Castilians, in search of gold, believe that the country is full of it. But Cortés takes it. Then, in Tenochtitlan, he seized the last king. Two years will have passed in unheard of violence, but a quick conquest.
Francisco Pizarro is also one of the great names of extermination and is a Spanish conqueror, born around 1475 and died in 1541, which submitted the Inca Empire of Peru.
Noticed by Cortèz, he allied with other members to discover the gold regions and commanded the expedition. For 3 years. From 1524 to 1527. An exploration trip in southern Panama, and after finding what he was looking for, went to Spain, and obtained from Charles Quinto, the title of Viceroy of the regions he had discovered. Before conquering Peru. Then he betrayed his brother before killing him. Then he took Cuzco. But he was besieged by rebel Peruvians. His tyranny became uncontrollable. His enemies gathered around him and came to kill Pizzare in his palace in 1541.
After the discovery of the New World by CC … he dreams of repeating the feat of Cortés. So he joined his forces with another conqueror, Diego de Almagro. Explored the west coast of South America.
The number of human victims is catastrophic, from Spanish colonization to the end of the 16th century, due to the confiscation of land, massacres, slavery and epidemics are the causes of the extermination of Amerindian populations. Marginalization, a cultural exclusion of the inhabitants, left out of the historical process. This gave rise to Western civilization.
There is a population decrease of around 80%. Due to diseases such as chickenpox, smallpox, flu … the disease, a demographic disaster, for the Indian population that was not vaccinated. The Spaniards knew how to cure bites, insect bites, reptiles, plants … because at that time there was no exchange or communication. No transmission at a prophylactic level. So the victims are higher on the Indian side.
The conquest and colonization of the New World will lead to a double world demographic catastrophe: the large -scale extermination of Amerindian populations and the deportation of twelve million Africans to America. In addition, the Spaniards of the death of the Indians and the violence and the evil inflicted to the Indian population are blamed.
Actually, there are three important points: a relationship of violence, a negative perception of Spanish history. The historical truth, and the extermination of civilizations.
The conquest of America was one of the greatest historical events. We must consider the technical advances, the progress made by the Spanish company.
There is also an economic, cultural and ideological disorder. An agitation that will question the values of Europeans.
In conclusion, a pillar is collapsing that of the total responsibility of the Spanish people in the demographic disaster, because we have understood that not the entire population was killed by the Spaniards. We cannot consider this as a genocide because the Spaniards were not interested in the death of those who considered workers, were more concerned about the situation but did not know how to explain the devastation they were witnessing. The new world conquest was more considered a human tragedy. However, there are still people like Cortés and Pizarro, who used a ruthless exploitation system, resorting to violence, abuse and marginalization of different communities.
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